1. Case A: Significant corrosion will be observed on the metal surface because the protective zinc coating on the metal readily react with oxygen and the moisture present in the moist air. Case B: No corrosion will be observed due to the oil layer with reacts with acts as a barrier and effectively inhiRead more

    Case A: Significant corrosion will be observed on the metal surface because the protective zinc coating on the metal readily react with oxygen and the moisture present in the moist air.

    Case B: No corrosion will be observed due to the oil layer with reacts with acts as a barrier and effectively inhibiting corrosion.

    Case C: Minimal to no corrosion will be observed due to lack of moisture in the presence of dry air.

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  2. (a) The phenomenon is called dispersion of light. (b) White light is a mixture of seven colours. Each colour has a different wavelength and, hence, is refracted (bent) by the glass prism through different angles, resulting in a band of seven distinct colours. (c) To show recombination of spectrum ofRead more

    (a) The phenomenon is called dispersion of light.

    (b) White light is a mixture of seven colours. Each colour has a different wavelength and, hence, is refracted (bent) by the glass prism through different angles, resulting in a band of seven distinct colours.

    (c) To show recombination of spectrum of white light, Newton used two prisms. The first prism disperses white light into seven colours. When this spectrum is passed through a second, inverted prism, it recombines the seven colours back into white light.

    Labelled Ray Diagram:

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  3. (a) Lime water turns milky because carbon dioxide gas reacts with calcium hydroxide solution to form calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is insoluble in water and appears as a white precipitate, giving the solution a milky appearance. This reaction is a common laboratory test for the presence of caRead more

    (a) Lime water turns milky because carbon dioxide gas reacts with calcium hydroxide solution to form calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is insoluble in water and appears as a white precipitate, giving the solution a milky appearance. This reaction is a common laboratory test for the presence of carbon dioxide gas.

     

    (b) When ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate, the products formed are sodium ethanoate (X), water, and carbon dioxide gas (Y). The reaction demonstrates the typical acid–carbonate reaction, producing effervescence due to carbon dioxide release. The sodium salt formed is soluble, while the gas evolved can turn lime water milky.

    (c) Carbon dioxide released from the reaction is confirmed using lime water. It reacts with calcium hydroxide to form insoluble calcium carbonate, which makes the solution appear milky. The balanced reaction is:

    Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O. This simple test is widely used to detect carbon dioxide gas.

     

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  4. ANSWER: [A] Explanation: Correct option: (a) The near point of his eyes has receded away. The student can clearly see the blackboard but cannot read his textbook, which means he suffers from hypermetropia (farsightedness). In this defect, the near point of the eye shifts farther away than normal, maRead more

    ANSWER: [A]

    Explanation: Correct option: (a) The near point of his eyes has receded away. The student can clearly see the blackboard but cannot read his textbook, which means he suffers from hypermetropia (farsightedness). In this defect, the near point of the eye shifts farther away than normal, making nearby objects appear blurred.

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  5. ANSWER: [C] Explanation: Correct option: (c) 40 cm. To obtain an image of magnification M = − 1, the image must be real, inverted and of the same size as the object. This happens when the object is placed at twice the focal length of a convex lens. The given focal length is f = 20 cm. Hence, the objRead more

    ANSWER: [C]

    Explanation: Correct option: (c) 40 cm. To obtain an image of magnification M = − 1, the image must be real, inverted and of the same size as the object. This happens when the object is placed at twice the focal length of a convex lens. The given focal length is f = 20 cm. Hence, the object should be placed at 2f = 40 cm. At this position, the image is formed on the opposite side of the lens, also at 40 cm, with the same size as the object but inverted.

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