1. For independent events A and B, the probability of both occurring is given by: P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B) This is the fundamental property of independent events in probability. So the correct answer is P(A). P(B) Click here for more: https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/maths/#chapter-Read more

    For independent events A and B, the probability of both occurring is given by:

    P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B)

    This is the fundamental property of independent events in probability.

    So the correct answer is P(A). P(B)

    Click here for more:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/maths/#chapter-13

    See less
    • 25
  2. Given: P(E) = 0.3 P(E ∪ F) = 0.5 Since E and F are independent events, we use the formula: P(E ∪ F) = P(E) + P(F) - P(E ∩ F) Given that E and F are independent: P(E ∩ F) = P(E) × P(F) Substitute the values: 0.5 = 0.3 + P(F) - (0.3 × P(F)) 0.5 = 0.3 + P(F) - 0.3P(F) 0.2 = P(F) - 0.3P(F) 0.2 = 0.7P(F)Read more

    Given:
    P(E) = 0.3
    P(E ∪ F) = 0.5

    Since E and F are independent events, we use the formula:
    P(E ∪ F) = P(E) + P(F) – P(E ∩ F)

    Given that E and F are independent:
    P(E ∩ F) = P(E) × P(F)

    Substitute the values:
    0.5 = 0.3 + P(F) – (0.3 × P(F))
    0.5 = 0.3 + P(F) – 0.3P(F)
    0.2 = P(F) – 0.3P(F)
    0.2 = 0.7P(F)
    P(F) = 2/7

    Now, conditional probability calculations:

    P(E | F) = P(E ∩ F) / P(F)
    = (0.3 × 2/7) ÷ (2/7)
    = 0.3

    P(F | E) = P(E ∩ F) / P(E)
    = (0.3 × 2/7) ÷ 0.3
    = 2/7

    Now, computing the needed difference:

    P(E | F) – P(F | E) = 0.3 – 2/7

    = 3/10 – 2/7

    By taking LCM (70):

    = (21/70) – (20/70)
    = 1/70

    Hence, the correct answer is 1/70

    Click here for more:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/maths/#chapter-13

    See less
    • 19
  3. For independent events A and B the conditional probability follows: P(A | B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B). Since the events A and B are independent, we recall that: P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B). Thus P(A | B) = P(A) (P(B))/(P(B)), canceling (P(B), we have ) P(A) So the correct answer is P(A) Click here for more: httRead more

    For independent events A and B the conditional probability follows: P(A | B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B). Since the events A and B are independent, we recall that: P(A ∩ B) = P(A) × P(B). Thus P(A | B) = P(A) (P(B))/(P(B)), canceling (P(B), we have ) P(A)

    So the correct answer is P(A)

    Click here for more:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/maths/#chapter-13

    See less
    • 14
  4. A second-order determinant is of the form: | a b | | c d | Each element (a, b, c, d) can be either 0 or 1. Total possible cases = 2⁴ = 16 The determinant value is given by: Det = (a × d) - (b × c) For the determinant to be **non-positive**, we need: (a × d) - (b × c) ≤ 0 Now, let's count the favorabRead more

    A second-order determinant is of the form:

    | a b |
    | c d |

    Each element (a, b, c, d) can be either 0 or 1.
    Total possible cases = 2⁴ = 16

    The determinant value is given by:
    Det = (a × d) – (b × c)

    For the determinant to be **non-positive**, we need:
    (a × d) – (b × c) ≤ 0

    Now, let’s count the favorable cases:

    1. Cases where determinant = 0:
    – (a, b, c, d) = (0,0,0,0) → Det = (0×0) – (0×0) = 0
    – (0,0,0,1) → (0×1) – (0×0) = 0
    – (0,0,1,0) → (0×0) – (0×1) = 0
    – (0,1,0,0) → (0×0) – (1×0) = 0
    – (1,0,0,0) → (1×0) – (0×0) = 0
    – (1,1,1,1) → (1×1) – (1×1) = 0

    So, 6 cases where Det = 0.

    2. Cases where determinant < 0:
    – (0,1,1,0) → (0×0) – (1×1) = -1
    – (1,1,0,0) → (1×0) – (1×0) = 0
    – (0,0,1,1) → (0×1) – (0×1) = 0
    – (1,0,0,1) → (1×1) – (0×0) = 1 (not negative)

    So, 5 cases where Det < 0.

    Total favorable cases = 6 (Det = 0) + 5 (Det < 0) = 11

    Probability = 11/16

    Click here for more:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/maths/#chapter-13

    See less
    • 11
  5. A fair coin is tossed 6 times. Let X be the product of the number of heads (H) and the number of tails (T). Since each toss results in either a head or a tail: Total tosses = 6 → H + T = 6 Possible values of (H, T) pairs: (0,6), (1,5), (2,4), (3,3), (4,2), (5,1), (6,0) Now, determine X = H × T: - (0Read more

    A fair coin is tossed 6 times.
    Let X be the product of the number of heads (H) and the number of tails (T).

    Since each toss results in either a head or a tail:
    Total tosses = 6 → H + T = 6

    Possible values of (H, T) pairs:
    (0,6), (1,5), (2,4), (3,3), (4,2), (5,1), (6,0)

    Now, determine X = H × T:

    – (0,6) → 0 × 6 = 0 .
    – (1,5) → 1 × 5 = 5 .
    – (2,4) → 2 × 4 = 8 .
    – (3,3) → 3 × 3 = 9 .
    – (4,2) → 4 × 2 = 8 .
    – (5,1) → 5 × 1 = 5
    – (6,0) → 6 × 0 = 0

    Possible values of X = {0, 5, 8, 9}

    Click here for more:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/maths/#chapter-13

    See less
    • 26