1. (i) The President can ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider his or her advice. But if the same advice is given again, he or she is bound to act according to it. (ii) A Bill passed by the Parliament becomes a law only after the President gives assent to it. If the President wants, he or- she canRead more

    (i) The President can ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider his or her
    advice. But if the same advice is given again, he or she is bound to act
    according to it.
    (ii) A Bill passed by the Parliament becomes a law only after the President
    gives assent to it. If the President wants, he or- she can send back the Bill
    to the Parliament for reconsideration. But if the Parliament passes the
    Bill again, he or she has to sign it.

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  2. (i) The Prime Minister of a coalition government cannot take decisions as he likes. (n) He has to accommodate different groups and functions in his party, as well as among alliance partners. (iii) He also has to heed to the views and positions of the coalition partners and other parties on whose supRead more

    (i) The Prime Minister of a coalition government cannot take decisions as
    he likes.
    (n) He has to accommodate different groups and functions in his party, as
    well as among alliance partners.
    (iii) He also has to heed to the views and positions of the coalition partners
    and other parties on whose support the survival of the government
    depends.

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  3. As head of the government, the Prime Minister has wide-ranging powers. (i) He chairs the Cabinet meetings. (ii) He coordinates the work of different departments. (iii) He supervises different ministries. (iv) His decisions are final in case disagreements arise between departments. (v) He distributesRead more

    As head of the government, the Prime Minister has wide-ranging powers.
    (i) He chairs the Cabinet meetings.
    (ii) He coordinates the work of different departments.
    (iii) He supervises different ministries.
    (iv) His decisions are final in case disagreements arise between departments.
    (v) He distributes and redistributes work to the ministers.
    (vi) He also has the power to dismiss ministers.
    When the Prime Minister quits, the entire ministry quits.

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  4. The Council of Ministers are classified as follows: (i) Cabinet Ministers: They are usually top-level leaders of the ruling party or parties who are in charge of the major ministries. Usually, the Cabinet Ministers meet to take decisions in the name of the Council of Ministers, (ii) Ministers of StaRead more

    The Council of Ministers are classified as follows:
    (i) Cabinet Ministers: They are usually top-level leaders of the ruling party
    or parties who are in charge of the major ministries. Usually, the Cabinet
    Ministers meet to take decisions in the name of the Council of Ministers,
    (ii) Ministers of State with independent charge: They are usually in charge
    of smaller ministries. They participate in the cabinet meeting only when
    they are specially invited.
    (iii) Ministers of State: They are attached to and are required to assist the
    Cabinet Ministers.

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  5. (i) The civil servants are usually more educated and have more expert knowledge of the subject. (ii) The advisors working in the Finance Ministry know more about economics than the Finance Minister-. (iii) Sometimes, ministers may know very little about the technical matters that come under their miRead more

    (i) The civil servants are usually more educated and have more expert
    knowledge of the subject.
    (ii) The advisors working in the Finance Ministry know more about
    economics than the Finance Minister-.
    (iii) Sometimes, ministers may know very little about the technical matters
    that come under their ministry, but they are supported in all these
    matters by the civil servants.
    This could easily happen in ministries like the Defense, Industry, Health,
    Science and Technology, Mining, etc.

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