1. The momentum of a photon having energy (hv) is given as: p = hv/c = h/λ => λ = h/p Where, λ = Wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation c = Speed of light h = Planck's constant De Broglie wavelength of the photon is given as:λ = h/mv But , p=mv,  therefore λ = h/p Where, m = Mass of the photonRead more

    The momentum of a photon having energy (hv) is given as:

    p = hv/c = h/λ

    => λ = h/p

    Where, λ = Wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation

    c = Speed of light

    h = Planck’s constant

    De Broglie wavelength of the photon is given as:λ = h/mv

    But , p=mv,  therefore

    λ = h/p

    Where, m = Mass of the photon v = Velocity of the photon

    Hence, it can be inferred from equations (i) and (ii) that the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is equal to the de Broglie wavelength of the photon.

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  2. Ans (a). De Broglie wavelength of the neutron, λ = 1.40 x 10⁻10 m Mass of a neutron, mn = 1.66 x 10-27 kg Planck's constant, h = 6.6 x 10⁻34 Js Kinetic energy (K) and velocity (v) are related as : K = 1/2 mnv2 -----------------Eq-1 De Broglie wavelength (λ) and velocity (v) are related as : λ = h/mnRead more

    Ans (a).

    De Broglie wavelength of the neutron, λ = 1.40 x 10⁻10 m

    Mass of a neutron, mn = 1.66 x 10-27 kg

    Planck’s constant, h = 6.6 x 10⁻34 Js

    Kinetic energy (K) and velocity (v) are related as :

    K = 1/2 mnv2 —————–Eq-1

    De Broglie wavelength (λ) and velocity (v) are related as :

    λ = h/mnv—————–Eq-2

    Using Eq-2 in Eq-1 .we get :

    K = 1/2   x (mnh²)/(λ²m²n) = h²/2 λ²mn

    =(6.6 x 10⁻34)² /2 (1.40 x 10⁻10)² (1.66 x 10-27)

    = 6.75 x 10⁻²¹ J

    = (6.75 x 10⁻²¹) /(1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ )

    = 4.219 x 10⁻² eV

    Hence ,the kinetic energy of the neutron is 6.75 x 10⁻²¹ J or 4.219 x 10⁻² eV

    Ans (b).

    Temperature of the neutron, T = 300 K

    Boltzmann constant, k = 1.38 x 10-23 kg m2 s⁻2 K⁻1

    Average kinetic energy of the neutron:

    K’ = 3/2  k T = 3/2 x 1.38 x 10-23 x 300 = 6.21 x 10-21 J

    The relation for the de Broglie wavelength is given as:

    λ’ =h/ √ (2K’mn)

    Where, mn = 1.66 x 10-27 kg, h = 6.6 x 10-34 Js and K = 6.75 x 10-21 J.

    Therefore,

    λ’ = (6.6 x 10-34)/√[2 x (6.21 x 10-21) x (1.66 x 10-27) ]

    = 1.46 x 1010 m = 0.146 nm

    Therefore, the de Broglie wavelength of the neutron is 0.146 nm.

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  3. Wavelength of an electron (λe) and a photon (λp), λe = λp = 1 nm = 1 x 10⁻9 m Planck's constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js Ans (a). The momentum of an elementary particle is given by de Broglie relation: λ = h/p   => p = h/λ It is clear that momentum depends only on the wavelength of the particle. SincRead more

    Wavelength of an electron (λe) and a photon (λp), λe = λp = 1 nm = 1 x 10⁻9 m

    Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js

    Ans (a).

    The momentum of an elementary particle is given by de Broglie relation:

    λ = h/p   => p = h/λ

    It is clear that momentum depends only on the wavelength of the particle. Since the wavelength of an electron and photon are equal, both have an equal momentum.

    Therefore , p = 6.63 x 10⁻34 / ( 1 x 10⁻9)

    = 6.63 x 10⁻²⁵ kg ms⁻¹

    Ans (b).

    The energy of a photon is given by the relation:

    E = hc/λ

    Where, Speed of light, c = 3 x 108 m/s ,

    Therefore, E = (6.63 x 10⁻34 ) x (3 x 10/(1 x 10⁻9) (1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ )

    =1243.1 eV = 1.243 kev

    Therefore, the energy of the photon is 1.243 keV.

    Ans (c).
    The kinetic energy (K) of an electron having momentum p, is given by the relation:

    K = 1/2 p²/m

    Where,

    m = Mass of the electron = 9.1 x 10-31 kg

    p = 6.63 x 10-25 kg m s-1

    Therefore , K = 1/2  ( 6.63 x 10-25 )² /( 9.1 x 10-31)  = 2.415 x 10⁻¹⁹ J

    = (2.415 x 10⁻¹⁹) /(1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹)  = 1.51 eV

    Hence, the kinetic energy of the electron is 1.51 eV.

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  4. Ans (a). Mass of the bullet, m = 0.040 kg Speed of the bullet, v = 1.0 km/s = 1000 m/s Planck’s constant, h = 6.6 x 10⁻34 Js De Broglie wavelength of the bullet is given by the relation: λ=h/mv =( 6.6 x 10⁻34)/(0.040) (1000) = 1.65 x 10 ⁻³⁵ m Ans (b). Mass of the ball, m = 0.060 kg Speed of the ballRead more

    Ans (a).

    Mass of the bullet, m = 0.040 kg

    Speed of the bullet, v = 1.0 km/s = 1000 m/s

    Planck’s constant, h = 6.6 x 10⁻34 Js

    De Broglie wavelength of the bullet is given by the relation:

    λ=h/mv

    =( 6.6 x 10⁻34)/(0.040) (1000) = 1.65 x 10 ⁻³⁵ m

    Ans (b).

    Mass of the ball, m = 0.060 kg

    Speed of the ball, v = 1.0 m/s

    De Broglie wavelength of the ball is given by the relation:

    λ=h/mv

    =( 6.6 x 10⁻34)/(0.060) (1) = 1.1 x 10 ⁻³² m

    Ans (c).

    Mass of the dust particle, m = 1 x 10-9 kg

    Speed of the dust particle, v = 2.2 m/s

    De Broglie wavelength of the dust particle is given by the relation:

    λ=h/mv

    =( 6.6 x 10⁻34)/(2.2) (1 x 10-9) = 3.0 x 10 ⁻²⁵ m

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  5. Wavelength of light of a sodium line, λ = 589 nm = 589 x 10-9 m Mass of an electron, me= 9.1 x 10-31 kg Mass of a neutron, mn= 1.66 x 10-27 kg Planck's constant, h = 6.6 x 10-34 Js Ans (a). For the kinetic energy K, of an electron accelerating with a velocity v, we have the relation: We have the relRead more

    Wavelength of light of a sodium line, λ = 589 nm = 589 x 109 m

    Mass of an electron, me= 9.1 x 1031 kg

    Mass of a neutron, mn= 1.66 x 1027 kg

    Planck’s constant, h = 6.6 x 10-34 Js

    Ans (a).

    For the kinetic energy K, of an electron accelerating with a velocity v, we have the relation:

    We have the relation for de Broglie wavelength as:

    K = 1/2 mev²—————-Eq-1

    We have the relation for de Broglie wavelength as :

    λ = h /mev

    Therefore,  v² =h²/λ²m²e——————— Eq-2
    Substituting equation (2) in equation (1), we get the relation:
     

    K = 1/2  meh²/2λ²m²=h²/2λ²me—————-Eq-3

    = (6.6 x 10-34)²/2 (589 x 109)² (9.1 x 1031 )

    ≈   6.9 x 10-25 J

    =(6.9 x 10-25)/(1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ ) =4.31 x 10 ⁻⁶ eV = 4.31 μ eV

    Hence, the kinetic energy of the electron is 6.9 x 10-25 J or 4.31 μeV.

    Ans (b).

    Using equation (3), we can write the relation for the kinetic energy of the neutron as:

    K= h²/2 λ²mn

    = (6.6 x 10-34)² /2 (589 x 109)² (1.66 x 1027 )

    =3.78 x 10⁻²⁸ J

    =( 3.78 x 10⁻²⁸ )/(1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ )

    = 2.36 x 10⁻⁹ eV = 2.36 neV

    Hence, the kinetic energy of the neutron is 3.78 x 10⁻28 J or 2.36 neV.

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