1. The blind-folded child throwing stones at a barbed-wire fence results in fewer sounds because some stones pass through the gaps between the wires without hitting them, whereas throwing stones at a solid wall results in more collisions and thus more sounds.

    The blind-folded child throwing stones at a barbed-wire fence results in fewer sounds because some stones pass through the gaps between the wires without hitting them, whereas throwing stones at a solid wall results in more collisions and thus more sounds.

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  2. Rutherford concluded that atoms have a concentrated, positively charged nucleus, based on alpha particles deflecting at large angles during his gold foil experiment, contradicting the plum pudding model.

    Rutherford concluded that atoms have a concentrated, positively charged nucleus, based on alpha particles deflecting at large angles during his gold foil experiment, contradicting the plum pudding model.

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  3. J.J. Thomson's model described the atom as a positively charged sphere with embedded negatively charged electrons, akin to raisins within a plum pudding. This "plum pudding" model suggested that atoms were not indivisible but comprised of smaller, subatomic particles.

    J.J. Thomson’s model described the atom as a positively charged sphere with embedded negatively charged electrons, akin to raisins within a plum pudding. This “plum pudding” model suggested that atoms were not indivisible but comprised of smaller, subatomic particles.

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  4. Rutherford's conclusion about the nucleus's small size compared to the atom revolutionized atomic theory, revealing a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space occupied by electrons. This led to the development of the nuclear model, fundamentally altering our understanding oRead more

    Rutherford’s conclusion about the nucleus’s small size compared to the atom revolutionized atomic theory, revealing a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space occupied by electrons. This led to the development of the nuclear model, fundamentally altering our understanding of atomic structure and behavior.

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  5. Rutherford calculated the nucleus's radius by observing the deflection of α-particles in his gold foil experiment. By analyzing the angles of deflection and applying principles of Coulomb's law, he estimated the nucleus's size to be about 10^5 times smaller than the atom's radius.

    Rutherford calculated the nucleus’s radius by observing the deflection of α-particles in his gold foil experiment. By analyzing the angles of deflection and applying principles of Coulomb’s law, he estimated the nucleus’s size to be about 10^5 times smaller than the atom’s radius.

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