Classification of forests on the basis of Act of 1878: (i) Reserved forests. The best forests were called Reserved forests. Villagers could not take anything from these forests. (ii) Protected forests: They, were also protected by the villagers but they could collect wood from the Protected forests.Read more
Classification of forests on the basis of Act of 1878:
(i) Reserved forests. The best forests were called Reserved forests. Villagers could not take anything from these forests.
(ii) Protected forests: They, were also protected by the villagers but they could collect wood from the Protected forests.
(ii) Village forests: They were located near the villages and could be exploited by the villagers but not for commercial purposes.
(i) In scientific forestry, natural forests which had different types of trees were cut down. In their place, one type of trees were planted in straight rows which is called plantation. (ii) Forest officials surveyed the forest, estimated the area and made working plans for the forest management. (iRead more
(i) In scientific forestry, natural forests which had different types of trees were cut down. In their place, one type of trees were planted in straight rows which is called plantation.
(ii) Forest officials surveyed the forest, estimated the area and made working plans for the forest management.
(iii) They scientifically planned on how much of the plantation area to cut every year. The area cut was then to be replanted, so that it was ready to be cut again in some years.
(i) Brandis felt that a proper system had to be adopted to manage forests and that people had to be trained in the science of conservation. (ii) He needed legal sanction and rules on the use of forests. (iii) He felt that the felling of trees and grazing had to be restricted so that forests could beRead more
(i) Brandis felt that a proper system had to be adopted to manage forests and that people had to be trained in the science of conservation.
(ii) He needed legal sanction and rules on the use of forests.
(iii) He felt that the felling of trees and grazing had to be restricted so that forests could be preserved for timber production.
(iv) He set up the Indian Forest Service in 1864 and helped formulate the Indian Forest Act of 1865.
(v) The Imperial Forest Research Institute was set up at Dehradun in 1906.
(vi) The system they taught here was called ‘scientific forestry,’.
(i) Large areas of natural forests were cleared to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantation in order to meet Europe's growing need for these commodities. (ii) Tire Colonial government took over the forests and gave vast areas to the European planters at cheap rates. (iii) These areas were enclRead more
(i) Large areas of natural forests were cleared to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantation in order to meet Europe’s growing need for these commodities.
(ii) Tire Colonial government took over the forests and gave vast areas to the European planters at cheap rates.
(iii) These areas were enclosed and cleared off forests and planted with tea or coffee.
(i) The spread of the railways from the 1850s created a new demand for timber. (ii) Railway was needed for the spread of trade in India. To run locomotives, wood was needed as fuel and to lay railway lines, sleepers were required to hold the tracks together. (iii) As the railway tracks spread, a larRead more
(i) The spread of the railways from the 1850s created a new demand for timber.
(ii) Railway was needed for the spread of trade in India. To run locomotives, wood was needed as fuel and to lay railway lines, sleepers were required to hold the tracks together.
(iii) As the railway tracks spread, a large number of trees were felled. The government gave contracts to individuals to supply timber. These contractors began cutting trees indiscriminately.
How were forests classified on the basis of the Forest Act, l878?
Classification of forests on the basis of Act of 1878: (i) Reserved forests. The best forests were called Reserved forests. Villagers could not take anything from these forests. (ii) Protected forests: They, were also protected by the villagers but they could collect wood from the Protected forests.Read more
Classification of forests on the basis of Act of 1878:
See less(i) Reserved forests. The best forests were called Reserved forests. Villagers could not take anything from these forests.
(ii) Protected forests: They, were also protected by the villagers but they could collect wood from the Protected forests.
(ii) Village forests: They were located near the villages and could be exploited by the villagers but not for commercial purposes.
What do you know about Scientific Forestry?
(i) In scientific forestry, natural forests which had different types of trees were cut down. In their place, one type of trees were planted in straight rows which is called plantation. (ii) Forest officials surveyed the forest, estimated the area and made working plans for the forest management. (iRead more
(i) In scientific forestry, natural forests which had different types of trees were cut down. In their place, one type of trees were planted in straight rows which is called plantation.
See less(ii) Forest officials surveyed the forest, estimated the area and made working plans for the forest management.
(iii) They scientifically planned on how much of the plantation area to cut every year. The area cut was then to be replanted, so that it was ready to be cut again in some years.
What circumstances led to the foundation of ‘scientific forestry’ by the German expert Dietrich Brandis?
(i) Brandis felt that a proper system had to be adopted to manage forests and that people had to be trained in the science of conservation. (ii) He needed legal sanction and rules on the use of forests. (iii) He felt that the felling of trees and grazing had to be restricted so that forests could beRead more
(i) Brandis felt that a proper system had to be adopted to manage forests and that people had to be trained in the science of conservation.
See less(ii) He needed legal sanction and rules on the use of forests.
(iii) He felt that the felling of trees and grazing had to be restricted so that forests could be preserved for timber production.
(iv) He set up the Indian Forest Service in 1864 and helped formulate the Indian Forest Act of 1865.
(v) The Imperial Forest Research Institute was set up at Dehradun in 1906.
(vi) The system they taught here was called ‘scientific forestry,’.
How was ‘plantation’ introduced by cutting down forests by the British?
(i) Large areas of natural forests were cleared to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantation in order to meet Europe's growing need for these commodities. (ii) Tire Colonial government took over the forests and gave vast areas to the European planters at cheap rates. (iii) These areas were enclRead more
(i) Large areas of natural forests were cleared to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantation in order to meet Europe’s growing need for these commodities.
See less(ii) Tire Colonial government took over the forests and gave vast areas to the European planters at cheap rates.
(iii) These areas were enclosed and cleared off forests and planted with tea or coffee.
How were forests cleared to expand the railway network in India in the early 19th century?
(i) The spread of the railways from the 1850s created a new demand for timber. (ii) Railway was needed for the spread of trade in India. To run locomotives, wood was needed as fuel and to lay railway lines, sleepers were required to hold the tracks together. (iii) As the railway tracks spread, a larRead more
(i) The spread of the railways from the 1850s created a new demand for timber.
See less(ii) Railway was needed for the spread of trade in India. To run locomotives, wood was needed as fuel and to lay railway lines, sleepers were required to hold the tracks together.
(iii) As the railway tracks spread, a large number of trees were felled. The government gave contracts to individuals to supply timber. These contractors began cutting trees indiscriminately.