The study of lakes is called Limnology. It encompasses the scientific study of inland waters, including lakes, ponds, rivers, and wetlands, focusing on their physical, chemical, biological, and ecological characteristics and processes.
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The option that touches the border of Iran is Caspian Sea. It borders Iran to the south, making it the correct choice among the options provided.
The pair that is wrong is Onega – Australia. Lake Onega is located in Russia, not Australia. The rest of the pairs are correct: Great Bear in Canada, Michigan in the USA, and Titicaca shared by Peru and Bolivia.
The lake that has shrank so much in the last few centuries, becoming a cause for environmental concern, is Aral Sea. Environmental degradation and water diversion for irrigation have led to its significant shrinkage, posing serious ecological and socio-economic challenges.
The largest lake of the African continent is Victoria. Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa by surface area and one of the largest freshwater lakes in the world, spanning approximately 68,800 square kilometers.