The philosophical concept in Buddhism aimed at overcoming ignorance and suffering is the “Four Noble Truths.” These foundational teachings outline the nature of suffering (dukkha), its origin in desire and attachment (tanha), the possibility of its cessation (nirodha), and the ...
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In Jainism, the term “Anekantavada” translates to “the doctrine of multiple perspectives” or “non-absolutism.” This philosophical principle asserts that truth and reality are complex and can be understood from various viewpoints, emphasizing that no single perspective can capture the entirety ...
“Ahimsa” is commonly translated as “non-violence” or “non-harming.” This principle is foundational in several Indian religions, including Jainism, Hinduism, and Buddhism, emphasizing the ethical obligation to avoid causing harm to any living being through thoughts, words, or actions. Ahimsa promotes ...
The Vedic hymns were primarily composed in the northwestern region of the Indian Subcontinent, particularly in areas that are part of present-day Punjab in Pakistan and parts of northern India. This fertile region, situated along the Indus River and its ...
The central message of the Upanishadic mantra “tat tvam asi,” which translates to “that thou art,” conveys the profound philosophical idea of the unity between the individual self (Ātman) and the ultimate reality or universal consciousness (Brahman). This mantra emphasizes ...
The female sages known to contribute to the Vedic hymns are referred to as “Rishikas.” Among them, prominent figures include Gargi, Maitreyi, and Lopamudra, who are recognized for their intellectual and spiritual contributions in the Vedic texts. These women are ...
The literal meaning of the word “Veda” is “knowledge” or “wisdom” in Sanskrit. The Vedas are ancient sacred texts of Hinduism, composed between 1500 and 500 BCE, and are considered the foundational scriptures of the religion. They encompass a vast ...
The school of thought known for its focus on strict non-violence (ahimsa) and the rejection of the authority of the Vedas is Jainism. Founded by Mahavira in the 6th century BCE, Jainism emphasizes rigorous ethical principles, including non-violence in thought, ...
The term “Jain” derives from the Sanskrit word “Jina,” meaning “conqueror” or “victor.” It refers to individuals who have achieved spiritual victory over worldly attachments and desires, ultimately attaining liberation (moksha). This term reflects the core philosophy of Jainism, which ...
The prince regarded as the founder of Buddhism is Siddhartha Gautama, who later became known as the Buddha, meaning “the Enlightened One.” Born in the 5th to 4th century BCE in present-day Nepal, Siddhartha renounced his royal life in search ...