The key points regarding what happens to the kinetic energy of a freely falling object when it eventually stops upon reaching the ground: 1. Initial Kinetic Energy: The object gains kinetic energy as it falls due to its motion and the force of gravity acting on it. 2. Transformation upon Impact: WheRead more
The key points regarding what happens to the kinetic energy of a freely falling object when it eventually stops upon reaching the ground:
1. Initial Kinetic Energy: The object gains kinetic energy as it falls due to its motion and the force of gravity acting on it.
2. Transformation upon Impact: When the object reaches the ground and comes to a stop, its kinetic energy is not lost but transformed into other forms of energy.
3. Heat Energy: Some of the object’s kinetic energy is converted into heat energy upon impact due to friction between the object and the surface it lands on.
4. Sound Energy: Part of the object’s kinetic energy is transformed into sound energy upon impact, generating sound waves due to the collision.
5. Deformation or Potential Energy: Depending on the characteristics of the object and the surface it lands on, the kinetic energy might also cause deformation or compression, storing potential energy within the object or the ground.
6. Conclusion: In summary, the kinetic energy of a freely falling object, when it stops upon reaching the ground, is not eliminated but rather converted into different forms of energy such as heat, sound, or potential energy associated with deformation.
1. Chemical Energy Conversion: - The battery stores chemical energy within its cells. - A chemical reaction inside the battery converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy. 2. Electrical Energy Transfer: - Electrical energy generated by the battery flows through the circuit wires toward thRead more
1. Chemical Energy Conversion:
– The battery stores chemical energy within its cells.
– A chemical reaction inside the battery converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
2. Electrical Energy Transfer:
– Electrical energy generated by the battery flows through the circuit wires toward the bulb.
– The energy is in the form of moving electrons within the wires.
3. Transformation in the Bulb:
– Electrical energy reaches the bulb’s components, such as the filament.
– The bulb’s filament, offering resistance, converts electrical energy into thermal energy and light energy.
4. Light and Heat Emission:
– Light energy is emitted as the filament heats up, producing visible light.
– Heat energy is also generated due to the high temperature of the filament.
5. Energy Loss:
– Not all electrical energy is transformed into light and heat. Some is lost as heat due to resistance in wires and components.
– Energy dissipates as heat, warming the surroundings.
Understanding these energy changes highlights the transformation of stored chemical energy in the battery into electrical energy, and subsequently into light and heat energy within the bulb, demonstrating the various forms of energy conversion and dissipation in the process of lighting a bulb using a battery.
Given: - Mass (m) = 20 kg - Initial velocity (v_initial) = 5 m/s - Final velocity (v_final) = 2 m/s 1. Work-Energy Principle: - The work done (W) on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy (Δ KE). 2. Change in Kinetic Energy: - The change in kinetic energy (Δ KE) formula is: Δ KE = 1/Read more
Given:
– Mass (m) = 20 kg
– Initial velocity (v_initial) = 5 m/s
– Final velocity (v_final) = 2 m/s
1. Work-Energy Principle:
– The work done (W) on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy (Δ KE).
2. Change in Kinetic Energy:
– The change in kinetic energy (Δ KE) formula is:
Δ KE = 1/2 x m x ( v²_final – v²_initial)
3. Calculation:
– Substituting the given values into the formula:
Δ KE = 1/2 x 20 kg x (2 m/s)² – (5 m/s)²
Δ KE = -210J
4. Result and Interpretation:
– The change in kinetic energy is -210 J
– Since work done is equal to the change in kinetic energy, the work done by the force is also -210 J
– The negative sign indicates that the work done by the force results in a decrease in the object’s kinetic energy.
Understanding these steps illustrates how the work done by a force can be calculated using the change in kinetic energy, providing insight into the change in energy associated with the object’s changing velocities due to the force applied.
1. Horizontal Movement: - The object is moved horizontally on the table from point A to point B. 2. Force of Gravity: - The force of gravity acts vertically downward towards the center of the Earth. 3. Direction of Displacement: - The displacement of the object is horizontal, parallel to the table'sRead more
1. Horizontal Movement:
– The object is moved horizontally on the table from point A to point B.
2. Force of Gravity:
– The force of gravity acts vertically downward towards the center of the Earth.
3. Direction of Displacement:
– The displacement of the object is horizontal, parallel to the table’s surface, from point A to point B.
4. Perpendicular Relationship:
– The force of gravity and the displacement of the object are perpendicular to each other.
– The angle between the force of gravity and the displacement is (90°).
5. Effect on Work Done:
– According to the work done formula (W = Force x Displacement x cos(θ), where (θ) is the angle between force and displacement:
– When the force and displacement vectors are perpendicular (cos(90°) = 0), the cosine of (90°) is zero.
– Zero cosine means that the work done by the force of gravity is zero.
6. Conclusion:
– When an object is moved horizontally against the force of gravity, such as on a table from point A to point B, the work done by the gravitational force is zero.
Understanding this concept illustrates that when an object moves horizontally (perpendicular to the gravitational force) on a surface like a table, the force of gravity does not contribute to the work done on the object because the displacement is perpendicular to the direction of gravity. Therefore, no work is done by gravity in this scenario.
1. Law of Conservation of Energy: - The law states that in a closed system, the total energy remains constant over time; energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. 2. Initial Potential Energy: - Initially, a freely falling object possesses potential energRead more
1. Law of Conservation of Energy:
– The law states that in a closed system, the total energy remains constant over time; energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
2. Initial Potential Energy:
– Initially, a freely falling object possesses potential energy due to its position above a reference level (PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height).
3. Progressive Decrease in Potential Energy:
– As the object falls, its height decreases, leading to a reduction in its potential energy.
– The decrease in height results in a corresponding decrease in potential energy.
4. Compensation by Kinetic Energy:
– Simultaneously, as the object falls, its velocity increases due to gravitational acceleration.
– The increase in velocity corresponds to an increase in kinetic energy (KE = 0.5 m x v², where v is velocity).
5. Energy Transformation:
– The decrease in potential energy is precisely balanced by the increase in kinetic energy.
– The total energy, which includes potential and kinetic energies, remains constant throughout the fall.
6. Conservation of Total Energy:
– The sum of the object’s kinetic and potential energies remains constant as it falls.
– This transformation of energy from potential to kinetic showcases the conservation of total energy within the system.
Understanding this process emphasizes the conversion of potential energy into kinetic energy during the fall of an object, while the total energy within the system remains constant, thereby complying with the law of conservation of energy.
A freely falling object eventually stops on reaching the ground. What happenes to its kinetic energy?
The key points regarding what happens to the kinetic energy of a freely falling object when it eventually stops upon reaching the ground: 1. Initial Kinetic Energy: The object gains kinetic energy as it falls due to its motion and the force of gravity acting on it. 2. Transformation upon Impact: WheRead more
The key points regarding what happens to the kinetic energy of a freely falling object when it eventually stops upon reaching the ground:
1. Initial Kinetic Energy: The object gains kinetic energy as it falls due to its motion and the force of gravity acting on it.
2. Transformation upon Impact: When the object reaches the ground and comes to a stop, its kinetic energy is not lost but transformed into other forms of energy.
3. Heat Energy: Some of the object’s kinetic energy is converted into heat energy upon impact due to friction between the object and the surface it lands on.
4. Sound Energy: Part of the object’s kinetic energy is transformed into sound energy upon impact, generating sound waves due to the collision.
5. Deformation or Potential Energy: Depending on the characteristics of the object and the surface it lands on, the kinetic energy might also cause deformation or compression, storing potential energy within the object or the ground.
6. Conclusion: In summary, the kinetic energy of a freely falling object, when it stops upon reaching the ground, is not eliminated but rather converted into different forms of energy such as heat, sound, or potential energy associated with deformation.
See lessA battery lights a bulb. Describe the energy changes involved in the process.
1. Chemical Energy Conversion: - The battery stores chemical energy within its cells. - A chemical reaction inside the battery converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy. 2. Electrical Energy Transfer: - Electrical energy generated by the battery flows through the circuit wires toward thRead more
1. Chemical Energy Conversion:
– The battery stores chemical energy within its cells.
– A chemical reaction inside the battery converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
2. Electrical Energy Transfer:
– Electrical energy generated by the battery flows through the circuit wires toward the bulb.
– The energy is in the form of moving electrons within the wires.
3. Transformation in the Bulb:
– Electrical energy reaches the bulb’s components, such as the filament.
– The bulb’s filament, offering resistance, converts electrical energy into thermal energy and light energy.
4. Light and Heat Emission:
– Light energy is emitted as the filament heats up, producing visible light.
– Heat energy is also generated due to the high temperature of the filament.
5. Energy Loss:
– Not all electrical energy is transformed into light and heat. Some is lost as heat due to resistance in wires and components.
– Energy dissipates as heat, warming the surroundings.
Understanding these energy changes highlights the transformation of stored chemical energy in the battery into electrical energy, and subsequently into light and heat energy within the bulb, demonstrating the various forms of energy conversion and dissipation in the process of lighting a bulb using a battery.
See lessCertain force acting on a 20 kg mass changes its velocity from 5 m s^–1 to 2 m s^–1. Calculate the work done by the force.
Given: - Mass (m) = 20 kg - Initial velocity (v_initial) = 5 m/s - Final velocity (v_final) = 2 m/s 1. Work-Energy Principle: - The work done (W) on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy (Δ KE). 2. Change in Kinetic Energy: - The change in kinetic energy (Δ KE) formula is: Δ KE = 1/Read more
Given:
– Mass (m) = 20 kg
– Initial velocity (v_initial) = 5 m/s
– Final velocity (v_final) = 2 m/s
1. Work-Energy Principle:
– The work done (W) on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy (Δ KE).
2. Change in Kinetic Energy:
– The change in kinetic energy (Δ KE) formula is:
Δ KE = 1/2 x m x ( v²_final – v²_initial)
3. Calculation:
– Substituting the given values into the formula:
Δ KE = 1/2 x 20 kg x (2 m/s)² – (5 m/s)²
Δ KE = -210J
4. Result and Interpretation:
– The change in kinetic energy is -210 J
– Since work done is equal to the change in kinetic energy, the work done by the force is also -210 J
– The negative sign indicates that the work done by the force results in a decrease in the object’s kinetic energy.
Understanding these steps illustrates how the work done by a force can be calculated using the change in kinetic energy, providing insight into the change in energy associated with the object’s changing velocities due to the force applied.
See lessA mass of 10 kg is at a point A on a table. It is moved to a point B. If the line joining A and B is horizontal, what is the work done on the object by the gravitational force? Explain your answer.
1. Horizontal Movement: - The object is moved horizontally on the table from point A to point B. 2. Force of Gravity: - The force of gravity acts vertically downward towards the center of the Earth. 3. Direction of Displacement: - The displacement of the object is horizontal, parallel to the table'sRead more
1. Horizontal Movement:
– The object is moved horizontally on the table from point A to point B.
2. Force of Gravity:
– The force of gravity acts vertically downward towards the center of the Earth.
3. Direction of Displacement:
– The displacement of the object is horizontal, parallel to the table’s surface, from point A to point B.
4. Perpendicular Relationship:
– The force of gravity and the displacement of the object are perpendicular to each other.
– The angle between the force of gravity and the displacement is (90°).
5. Effect on Work Done:
– According to the work done formula (W = Force x Displacement x cos(θ), where (θ) is the angle between force and displacement:
– When the force and displacement vectors are perpendicular (cos(90°) = 0), the cosine of (90°) is zero.
– Zero cosine means that the work done by the force of gravity is zero.
6. Conclusion:
– When an object is moved horizontally against the force of gravity, such as on a table from point A to point B, the work done by the gravitational force is zero.
Understanding this concept illustrates that when an object moves horizontally (perpendicular to the gravitational force) on a surface like a table, the force of gravity does not contribute to the work done on the object because the displacement is perpendicular to the direction of gravity. Therefore, no work is done by gravity in this scenario.
See lessThe potential energy of a freely falling object decreases progressively. Does this violate the law of conservation of energy? Why?
1. Law of Conservation of Energy: - The law states that in a closed system, the total energy remains constant over time; energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. 2. Initial Potential Energy: - Initially, a freely falling object possesses potential energRead more
1. Law of Conservation of Energy:
– The law states that in a closed system, the total energy remains constant over time; energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
2. Initial Potential Energy:
– Initially, a freely falling object possesses potential energy due to its position above a reference level (PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height).
3. Progressive Decrease in Potential Energy:
– As the object falls, its height decreases, leading to a reduction in its potential energy.
– The decrease in height results in a corresponding decrease in potential energy.
4. Compensation by Kinetic Energy:
– Simultaneously, as the object falls, its velocity increases due to gravitational acceleration.
– The increase in velocity corresponds to an increase in kinetic energy (KE = 0.5 m x v², where v is velocity).
5. Energy Transformation:
– The decrease in potential energy is precisely balanced by the increase in kinetic energy.
– The total energy, which includes potential and kinetic energies, remains constant throughout the fall.
6. Conservation of Total Energy:
– The sum of the object’s kinetic and potential energies remains constant as it falls.
– This transformation of energy from potential to kinetic showcases the conservation of total energy within the system.
Understanding this process emphasizes the conversion of potential energy into kinetic energy during the fall of an object, while the total energy within the system remains constant, thereby complying with the law of conservation of energy.
See less