As water cools from 10°C to 0°C, its density decreases until it reaches 4°C, where it is at its minimum. Below 4°C, water begins to expand as it approaches the freezing point, causing its density to increase again. Therefore, the ...
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In summer, the heat causes rubber to harden, reducing its flexibility. As a result, when air inside the bicycle tube expands due to the heat, the hardened rubber cannot adequately accommodate the increased pressure. This leads to increased stress on ...
When a glass rod is exposed to steam, its length increases due to thermal expansion, while its width remains unaffected. Glass primarily expands in the direction of the applied heat, elongating along its length. However, its width does not experience ...
When the solid metal ball is heated, the particles inside it gain kinetic energy, causing them to move more vigorously, leading to expansion. This expansion includes the volume of the cavity inside the ball, resulting in an increase in its ...
When a bottle is filled with water and allowed to freeze, the bottle breaks because water expands as it freezes, exerting pressure on the walls of the bottle. This expansion exceeds the tensile strength of the bottle material, causing it ...
A small space is left at the joint between two railway tracks because the metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled. This prevents the tracks from buckling in the heat or creating gaps in the cold, ensuring safe and ...
When the water on the surface of a lake is just about to freeze, the temperature of the water at the bottom of the lake will be 4°C. This is because water reaches its maximum density at 4°C and sinks ...
When water freezes due to cold in winter, fishes and other aquatic organisms can survive because only the upper layer of water freezes. This insulating ice layer keeps the water below from freezing, maintaining a habitable environment.
The method of transmission of heat includes conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction occurs in solids, convection in fluids, and radiation through electromagnetic waves. Therefore, all three methods together describe how heat can be transmitted.
In conduction, particles of matter do not move on their own from one place to another. Instead, heat is transferred through direct contact between particles. The particles vibrate and transfer energy without significant movement.