(a) Rainwater harvesting is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures, such as dugwells, percolation pits, checkdams. (b) Keeping into view the disadvantages and rising resistance against the multipurpose projects, water harveRead more
(a) Rainwater harvesting is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures, such as dugwells, percolation pits, checkdams.
(b) Keeping into view the disadvantages and rising resistance against the multipurpose projects, water harvesting system is considered a viable alternative both socio-economically and environmentally.
(c) Rainwater harvesting system was used in ancient India as given below:
(l) In hilly and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like the ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ of the western Himalayas for agriculture.
(ii) ‘Rooftop rainwater harvesting’ was practised to store drinking water, particularly in Rajasthan.
(iii) ln the flood plains of Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields.
(iv) In arid and semi-arid regions, agricultural fields were converted into rain fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil like the ‘Khadins’ in Jaisalmer and’ Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.
(u) In Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer, almost all the houses had underground tanks for storing drinking water.
It is a Non-Government Organisation that mobilised tribal people, farmers, environ-mentalists and human rights activists against the Sardar Sarovar Dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujarat. In the beginning, the objects of the Andolan were environmental issues related to trees that wouldRead more
It is a Non-Government Organisation that mobilised tribal people, farmers, environ-mentalists and human rights activists against the Sardar Sarovar Dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujarat. In the beginning, the objects of the Andolan were environmental issues related to trees that would be submerged under the dam water. Now its aims are to enable poor citizens, especially the displaced persons to get full rehabilitation facilities from the government because such projects lead to large scale displacement of local communities. They have to give up their land, Livelihood and their meagre access and control over resources for the Greater good of the nation.
The factors that are responsible for the various objections against the various multipurpose projects are as given below: (l) Failure of the projects to achieve their objectives. (ll) Some dams that were constructed to control floods were responsible for the floods due to sedimentation in the reservRead more
The factors that are responsible for the various objections against the various multipurpose projects are as given below:
(l) Failure of the projects to achieve their objectives.
(ll) Some dams that were constructed to control floods were responsible for the floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.
(iii) Generally, big dams are not successful in controlling flood at the time of heavy and excessive rainfall. Such floods have occurred in Maharashtra and Gujarat in 2006.
(iv) Sedimentation deprived flood plains of silt, a natural fertiliser and was responsible for land degradation.
(v) Multipurpose projects induced earthquakes, caused water-borne diseases and pests and pollution resulting from excessive use of water.
(a) In recent years, multi-purpose projects and large dams have come under great scrutiny and opposition. Varions objections have been raised. The reasons for these are as given below: (l) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentatiRead more
(a) In recent years, multi-purpose projects and large dams have come under great scrutiny and opposition. Varions objections have been raised. The reasons for these are as given below:
(l) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reservoir.
(ii) lt results in rockier stream beds and poorer habitats for the rivers aquatics life.
(iii) Dams fragment rivers making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate especially for spawning.
(iv) The reservoir submerge the existing vegetation and soil leading to decomposition over a period of life.
(v) These projects have benefited the landowners, large farmers, industrialists and few urban centers.
(vi) Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions which has led to great ecological consequences like salinisation of the soil.
(vii) It has transformed the social landscape i.e., increasing the social gap between the richer landowners and the landless poor.
(viii) The projects have led to conflicts among people and among states too.
(b) The ‘Narmada Bachao Andolan’ and the ‘Tehri Dam Andolarr’ are associated with the multi-purpose projects.
What is rainwater harvesting? Explain any two different methods of rainwater harvesting in different regions of India.
(a) Rainwater harvesting is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures, such as dugwells, percolation pits, checkdams. (b) Keeping into view the disadvantages and rising resistance against the multipurpose projects, water harveRead more
(a) Rainwater harvesting is a technique of increasing the recharge of groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures, such as dugwells, percolation pits, checkdams.
See less(b) Keeping into view the disadvantages and rising resistance against the multipurpose projects, water harvesting system is considered a viable alternative both socio-economically and environmentally.
(c) Rainwater harvesting system was used in ancient India as given below:
(l) In hilly and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like the ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ of the western Himalayas for agriculture.
(ii) ‘Rooftop rainwater harvesting’ was practised to store drinking water, particularly in Rajasthan.
(iii) ln the flood plains of Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields.
(iv) In arid and semi-arid regions, agricultural fields were converted into rain fed storage structures that allowed the water to stand and moisten the soil like the ‘Khadins’ in Jaisalmer and’ Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.
(u) In Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer, almost all the houses had underground tanks for storing drinking water.
Write a short note on Narmada Bachao Andolan or Save Narmada Movement.
It is a Non-Government Organisation that mobilised tribal people, farmers, environ-mentalists and human rights activists against the Sardar Sarovar Dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujarat. In the beginning, the objects of the Andolan were environmental issues related to trees that wouldRead more
It is a Non-Government Organisation that mobilised tribal people, farmers, environ-mentalists and human rights activists against the Sardar Sarovar Dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujarat. In the beginning, the objects of the Andolan were environmental issues related to trees that would be submerged under the dam water. Now its aims are to enable poor citizens, especially the displaced persons to get full rehabilitation facilities from the government because such projects lead to large scale displacement of local communities. They have to give up their land, Livelihood and their meagre access and control over resources for the Greater good of the nation.
See lessDescribe the factors that are responsible for the various objections against the multi-purpose projects.
The factors that are responsible for the various objections against the various multipurpose projects are as given below: (l) Failure of the projects to achieve their objectives. (ll) Some dams that were constructed to control floods were responsible for the floods due to sedimentation in the reservRead more
The factors that are responsible for the various objections against the various multipurpose projects are as given below:
See less(l) Failure of the projects to achieve their objectives.
(ll) Some dams that were constructed to control floods were responsible for the floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.
(iii) Generally, big dams are not successful in controlling flood at the time of heavy and excessive rainfall. Such floods have occurred in Maharashtra and Gujarat in 2006.
(iv) Sedimentation deprived flood plains of silt, a natural fertiliser and was responsible for land degradation.
(v) Multipurpose projects induced earthquakes, caused water-borne diseases and pests and pollution resulting from excessive use of water.
What objections have been raised against multi-purpose river valley projects? Explain any three.
(a) In recent years, multi-purpose projects and large dams have come under great scrutiny and opposition. Varions objections have been raised. The reasons for these are as given below: (l) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentatiRead more
(a) In recent years, multi-purpose projects and large dams have come under great scrutiny and opposition. Varions objections have been raised. The reasons for these are as given below:
See less(l) Regulating and damming of rivers affect their natural flow causing poor sediment flow and excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reservoir.
(ii) lt results in rockier stream beds and poorer habitats for the rivers aquatics life.
(iii) Dams fragment rivers making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate especially for spawning.
(iv) The reservoir submerge the existing vegetation and soil leading to decomposition over a period of life.
(v) These projects have benefited the landowners, large farmers, industrialists and few urban centers.
(vi) Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions which has led to great ecological consequences like salinisation of the soil.
(vii) It has transformed the social landscape i.e., increasing the social gap between the richer landowners and the landless poor.
(viii) The projects have led to conflicts among people and among states too.
(b) The ‘Narmada Bachao Andolan’ and the ‘Tehri Dam Andolarr’ are associated with the multi-purpose projects.