Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years Customs and Way of Life: 1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life. 2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultRead more
Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years
Customs and Way of Life:
1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life.
2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultivation, hunting, and gathering. Many now engage in agriculture and other modern occupations.
3. Social Structure: Tight-knit community following their own social norms, language (Santali), and cultural practices within their villages.
Changes in the Last 50 Years:
1. Land Issues: Rapid urbanization and government policies led to land loss, disrupting traditional livelihoods.
2. Education and Employment: Increased focus on education with more seeking non-traditional jobs.
3. Cultural Shift: Globalization influencing traditional customs, posing challenges for younger generations.
4. Infrastructure Development: Improved amenities but uneven access, especially in remote areas.
5. Social Dynamics: Impact of external cultures on traditional social structures and customs.
These changes reflect the Santhal tribe’s adaptation to modernization while preserving their cultural heritage and identity amidst evolving socio-economic landscapes.
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts 1. Alluri Sitarama Raju: - Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule. - Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals. - Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance. 2. Rani GaidRead more
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts
1. Alluri Sitarama Raju:
– Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule.
– Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals.
– Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance.
2. Rani Gaidinliu:
– Naga leader from Manipur who led a revolt against British rule in the 1930s.
– Advocated for Naga independence, rallying the Naga people.
– Admired for her fearlessness and dedication to the cause of Naga autonomy.
3. Bir Chilarai:
– Military commander from the Koch royal family in Assam.
– Led resistance against Mughal invasions in the 16th century, defending Assam.
– Revered as a hero among the Assamese for his strategic defense tactics.
These heroes, through their courage and leadership, played pivotal roles in fighting colonial oppression and defending the rights and autonomy of their communities in various regions of India.
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains inRead more
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains into a different river system. For instance, the Western Ghats in India serve as a water divide. Rivers originating from its western slopes, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, flow eastwards into the Bay of Bengal, while those from the eastern slopes, such as the Narmada and Tapti, flow westwards into the Arabian Sea.
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic siRead more
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic significance. It sustains agriculture, livelihoods, and diverse ecosystems along its extensive course, playing a vital role in the lives of millions of people residing in its basin. The Ganga River Basin is pivotal in India’s landscape, supporting various activities and ecosystems crucial for the region’s prosperity and heritage.
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins: - The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea. - The Ganga River originates from the GaRead more
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins:
– The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea.
– The Ganga River originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It flows through several Indian states like Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal, before finally merging into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers have separate origins—one in Tibet and the other in India—having different courses and destinations.
The Brahmaputra River, in its Tibetan part, has less silt despite its longer course due to various factors. It flows through rocky terrain with limited vegetation, resulting in less soil erosion and silt. Moreover, its origin from glaciers produces cleaner, less sediment-laden water. Additionally, mRead more
The Brahmaputra River, in its Tibetan part, has less silt despite its longer course due to various factors. It flows through rocky terrain with limited vegetation, resulting in less soil erosion and silt. Moreover, its origin from glaciers produces cleaner, less sediment-laden water. Additionally, minimal human interference in the Tibetan region reduces human-induced soil erosion. However, as it travels through lower-altitude plains downstream, it gathers more silt due to softer soil, agricultural activities, and increased human influence.
Here are the peninsular rivers flowing through troughs in points: - Narmada River: - Flows through the Narmada Valley. - Rift valley between Vindhya and Satpura ranges. - Originates in Amarkantak Plateau and drains into the Arabian Sea. - Carves a deep gorge known as the Marble Rocks near Jabalpur.Read more
Here are the peninsular rivers flowing through troughs in points:
– Narmada River:
– Flows through the Narmada Valley.
– Rift valley between Vindhya and Satpura ranges.
– Originates in Amarkantak Plateau and drains into the Arabian Sea.
– Carves a deep gorge known as the Marble Rocks near Jabalpur.
– Tapti River:
– Flows through the Tapti Valley.
– Rift valley between Satpura Range and Ajanta Hills.
– Originates in Betul district of Madhya Pradesh and empties into the Gulf of Khambhat.
– Features basaltic lava plateaus along its course.
Rivers and lakes offer crucial economic benefits: 1. Water Supply: Essential for agriculture, industries, and human consumption. 2. Transportation: Natural waterways aid cost-effective trade and transport. 3. Hydropower: Facilitate hydroelectricity, a renewable energy source. 4. Fishing Industry: SuRead more
Rivers and lakes offer crucial economic benefits:
1. Water Supply: Essential for agriculture, industries, and human consumption.
2. Transportation: Natural waterways aid cost-effective trade and transport.
3. Hydropower: Facilitate hydroelectricity, a renewable energy source.
4. Fishing Industry: Support livelihoods and provide protein through fishing.
5. Tourism: Attract tourists, generating revenue for local economies.
6. Biodiversity: Preserve diverse ecosystems, indirectly aiding economic activities.
7. Agricultural Fertility: Contribute to soil fertility, enhancing crop production and agricultural output.
The significant differences between Himalayan and Peninsular rivers are: - Origin: Himalayan rivers arise from the Himalayas due to snowmelt and glaciers, while Peninsular rivers emerge from the plateau due to rainfall. - Course: Himalayan rivers have steep gradients and swift flows, while PeninsulaRead more
The significant differences between Himalayan and Peninsular rivers are:
– Origin: Himalayan rivers arise from the Himalayas due to snowmelt and glaciers, while Peninsular rivers emerge from the plateau due to rainfall.
– Course: Himalayan rivers have steep gradients and swift flows, while Peninsular rivers display gentler gradients and slower flows.
– Seasonal Flow: Himalayan rivers show significant seasonal variations, whereas Peninsular rivers have comparatively consistent flows.
– Drainage Pattern: Himalayan rivers exhibit dendritic patterns, while Peninsular rivers feature radial or trellis patterns.
East-flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery, originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the Bay of Bengal. They form longer courses with broader valleys, larger drainage basins, and create deltas near their mouths. Conversely, west-flowing rivers suchRead more
East-flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery, originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the Bay of Bengal. They form longer courses with broader valleys, larger drainage basins, and create deltas near their mouths. Conversely, west-flowing rivers such as the Narmada and Tapi (Tapti) originate in the Western Ghats, flow towards the Arabian Sea with shorter courses, cut through rift valleys, and have smaller drainage basins with limited agricultural impact.
Choose any tribal group living in India today. Find out about their customs and way of life, and how their lives have changed in the last 50 years.
Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years Customs and Way of Life: 1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life. 2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultRead more
Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years
Customs and Way of Life:
1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life.
2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultivation, hunting, and gathering. Many now engage in agriculture and other modern occupations.
3. Social Structure: Tight-knit community following their own social norms, language (Santali), and cultural practices within their villages.
Changes in the Last 50 Years:
1. Land Issues: Rapid urbanization and government policies led to land loss, disrupting traditional livelihoods.
2. Education and Employment: Increased focus on education with more seeking non-traditional jobs.
3. Cultural Shift: Globalization influencing traditional customs, posing challenges for younger generations.
4. Infrastructure Development: Improved amenities but uneven access, especially in remote areas.
5. Social Dynamics: Impact of external cultures on traditional social structures and customs.
These changes reflect the Santhal tribe’s adaptation to modernization while preserving their cultural heritage and identity amidst evolving socio-economic landscapes.
See lessFind out from your parents, friends or teachers, the names of some heroes of other tribal revolts in the twentieth century. Write their story in your own words.
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts 1. Alluri Sitarama Raju: - Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule. - Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals. - Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance. 2. Rani GaidRead more
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts
1. Alluri Sitarama Raju:
– Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule.
– Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals.
– Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance.
2. Rani Gaidinliu:
– Naga leader from Manipur who led a revolt against British rule in the 1930s.
– Advocated for Naga independence, rallying the Naga people.
– Admired for her fearlessness and dedication to the cause of Naga autonomy.
3. Bir Chilarai:
– Military commander from the Koch royal family in Assam.
– Led resistance against Mughal invasions in the 16th century, defending Assam.
– Revered as a hero among the Assamese for his strategic defense tactics.
These heroes, through their courage and leadership, played pivotal roles in fighting colonial oppression and defending the rights and autonomy of their communities in various regions of India.
See lessWhat is meant by a water divide? Give an example.
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains inRead more
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains into a different river system. For instance, the Western Ghats in India serve as a water divide. Rivers originating from its western slopes, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, flow eastwards into the Bay of Bengal, while those from the eastern slopes, such as the Narmada and Tapti, flow westwards into the Arabian Sea.
See lessWhich is the largest river basin in India?
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic siRead more
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic significance. It sustains agriculture, livelihoods, and diverse ecosystems along its extensive course, playing a vital role in the lives of millions of people residing in its basin. The Ganga River Basin is pivotal in India’s landscape, supporting various activities and ecosystems crucial for the region’s prosperity and heritage.
See lessWhere do the rivers Indus and Ganga have their origin?
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins: - The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea. - The Ganga River originates from the GaRead more
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins:
See less– The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea.
– The Ganga River originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It flows through several Indian states like Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal, before finally merging into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers have separate origins—one in Tibet and the other in India—having different courses and destinations.
Why does the Brahmaputra in its Tibetan part have less silt, despite a longer course?
The Brahmaputra River, in its Tibetan part, has less silt despite its longer course due to various factors. It flows through rocky terrain with limited vegetation, resulting in less soil erosion and silt. Moreover, its origin from glaciers produces cleaner, less sediment-laden water. Additionally, mRead more
The Brahmaputra River, in its Tibetan part, has less silt despite its longer course due to various factors. It flows through rocky terrain with limited vegetation, resulting in less soil erosion and silt. Moreover, its origin from glaciers produces cleaner, less sediment-laden water. Additionally, minimal human interference in the Tibetan region reduces human-induced soil erosion. However, as it travels through lower-altitude plains downstream, it gathers more silt due to softer soil, agricultural activities, and increased human influence.
See lessWhich two peninsular rivers flow through trough?
Here are the peninsular rivers flowing through troughs in points: - Narmada River: - Flows through the Narmada Valley. - Rift valley between Vindhya and Satpura ranges. - Originates in Amarkantak Plateau and drains into the Arabian Sea. - Carves a deep gorge known as the Marble Rocks near Jabalpur.Read more
Here are the peninsular rivers flowing through troughs in points:
– Narmada River:
– Flows through the Narmada Valley.
– Rift valley between Vindhya and Satpura ranges.
– Originates in Amarkantak Plateau and drains into the Arabian Sea.
– Carves a deep gorge known as the Marble Rocks near Jabalpur.
– Tapti River:
See less– Flows through the Tapti Valley.
– Rift valley between Satpura Range and Ajanta Hills.
– Originates in Betul district of Madhya Pradesh and empties into the Gulf of Khambhat.
– Features basaltic lava plateaus along its course.
State some economic benefits of rivers and lakes.
Rivers and lakes offer crucial economic benefits: 1. Water Supply: Essential for agriculture, industries, and human consumption. 2. Transportation: Natural waterways aid cost-effective trade and transport. 3. Hydropower: Facilitate hydroelectricity, a renewable energy source. 4. Fishing Industry: SuRead more
Rivers and lakes offer crucial economic benefits:
See less1. Water Supply: Essential for agriculture, industries, and human consumption.
2. Transportation: Natural waterways aid cost-effective trade and transport.
3. Hydropower: Facilitate hydroelectricity, a renewable energy source.
4. Fishing Industry: Support livelihoods and provide protein through fishing.
5. Tourism: Attract tourists, generating revenue for local economies.
6. Biodiversity: Preserve diverse ecosystems, indirectly aiding economic activities.
7. Agricultural Fertility: Contribute to soil fertility, enhancing crop production and agricultural output.
Discuss the significant difference between the Himalayan and the Peninsular Rivers.
The significant differences between Himalayan and Peninsular rivers are: - Origin: Himalayan rivers arise from the Himalayas due to snowmelt and glaciers, while Peninsular rivers emerge from the plateau due to rainfall. - Course: Himalayan rivers have steep gradients and swift flows, while PeninsulaRead more
The significant differences between Himalayan and Peninsular rivers are:
See less– Origin: Himalayan rivers arise from the Himalayas due to snowmelt and glaciers, while Peninsular rivers emerge from the plateau due to rainfall.
– Course: Himalayan rivers have steep gradients and swift flows, while Peninsular rivers display gentler gradients and slower flows.
– Seasonal Flow: Himalayan rivers show significant seasonal variations, whereas Peninsular rivers have comparatively consistent flows.
– Drainage Pattern: Himalayan rivers exhibit dendritic patterns, while Peninsular rivers feature radial or trellis patterns.
Compare the east flowing and the west flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau.
East-flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery, originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the Bay of Bengal. They form longer courses with broader valleys, larger drainage basins, and create deltas near their mouths. Conversely, west-flowing rivers suchRead more
East-flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery, originate in the Western Ghats and flow towards the Bay of Bengal. They form longer courses with broader valleys, larger drainage basins, and create deltas near their mouths. Conversely, west-flowing rivers such as the Narmada and Tapi (Tapti) originate in the Western Ghats, flow towards the Arabian Sea with shorter courses, cut through rift valleys, and have smaller drainage basins with limited agricultural impact.
See less