The policy decision by the central government that could act as a trade barrier is: (c) implementing higher tariffs on imports. Explanation: Increasing tariffs on imports is a policy that can create a trade barrier by making foreign goods more expensive in the domestic market. This move aims to protRead more
The policy decision by the central government that could act as a trade barrier is:
(c) implementing higher tariffs on imports.
Explanation:
Increasing tariffs on imports is a policy that can create a trade barrier by making foreign goods more expensive in the domestic market. This move aims to protect domestic industries by discouraging imports. However, it can hinder free trade, as higher tariffs may reduce the competitiveness of foreign products, potentially limiting consumer choices and impacting international trade relations.
Shifting cultivators encountered difficulties during British rule due to restrictive land policies. Changes in farming practices, land loss, and forest laws disrupted their livelihoods. This resulted in economic hardships, cultural disturbances, and challenges to their traditional way of life, impacRead more
Shifting cultivators encountered difficulties during British rule due to restrictive land policies. Changes in farming practices, land loss, and forest laws disrupted their livelihoods. This resulted in economic hardships, cultural disturbances, and challenges to their traditional way of life, impacting their sustenance.
Changes in tribal chiefs' powers under colonial rule: 1. Administrative Interference: Many chiefs lost autonomy due to increased colonial administrative control. 2. Land Policies: Introduction of land laws led to land alienation, reducing chiefs' control over traditional territories. 3. Imposed LeadRead more
Changes in tribal chiefs’ powers under colonial rule:
1. Administrative Interference: Many chiefs lost autonomy due to increased colonial administrative control.
2. Land Policies: Introduction of land laws led to land alienation, reducing chiefs’ control over traditional territories.
3. Imposed Leadership: Some chiefs were appointed by the British, altering the traditional selection process.
4. Legal System Changes: Traditional justice systems were replaced by colonial laws, affecting chiefs’ judicial roles.
5. Erosion of Authority: Economic and social transformations weakened chiefs’ influence over communities.
6. Conflict and Resistance: Some chiefs resisted colonial interference, leading to clashes and further diminishing their powers.
7. Transformation of Roles: Chiefs became intermediaries between their communities and the colonial administration rather than autonomous leaders.
These changes collectively altered the dynamics of tribal governance, impacting the traditional powers and roles of tribal chiefs under colonial rule.
Tribal anger against 'dikus' (outsiders): 1. Land Exploitation: Outsiders seized tribal lands for plantations and settlements without fair compensation, leading to loss of ancestral territories. 2. Cultural Imposition: Dikus enforced their culture, religion, and customs, erasing indigenous traditionRead more
Tribal anger against ‘dikus’ (outsiders):
1. Land Exploitation: Outsiders seized tribal lands for plantations and settlements without fair compensation, leading to loss of ancestral territories.
2. Cultural Imposition: Dikus enforced their culture, religion, and customs, erasing indigenous traditions and beliefs.
3. Economic Exploitation: Tribals faced low wages, unfair trade, and forced labor in industries, worsening poverty.
4. Social Discrimination: Dikus displayed disrespect, discriminating against tribal customs, causing social tensions.
5. Loss of Autonomy: New laws and governance structures disrupted tribal autonomy and traditional leadership.
6. Exploitative Practices: Tribals experienced coercive work without fair pay, worsening their living conditions.
These injustices fueled tribal resentment and rebellions, such as the Ulgulan, as they sought to protect their rights, culture, and autonomy against oppressive dikus.
Birsa Munda's vision of a "Golden Age": 1. Social Equality: Envisioned a society where all were treated equally, irrespective of social status or background. 2. Land and Rights Restoration: Aimed to reclaim tribal lands taken by outsiders and restore their rights over resources. 3. Cultural PreservaRead more
Birsa Munda’s vision of a “Golden Age”:
1. Social Equality: Envisioned a society where all were treated equally, irrespective of social status or background.
2. Land and Rights Restoration: Aimed to reclaim tribal lands taken by outsiders and restore their rights over resources.
3. Cultural Preservation: Emphasized the preservation of tribal culture, traditions, and values threatened by outside influences.
4. Freedom from Exploitation: Strived to end exploitation by outsiders and local landlords, ensuring fair treatment and justice for tribals.
5. Unity and Empowerment: Inspired unity among tribes, advocating collective efforts for social change and reclaiming their autonomy.
The vision appealed as it offered hope for justice, cultural preservation, and empowerment against oppression, resonating with the aspirations of the marginalized tribal communities under colonial rule.
Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years Customs and Way of Life: 1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life. 2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultRead more
Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years
Customs and Way of Life:
1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life.
2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultivation, hunting, and gathering. Many now engage in agriculture and other modern occupations.
3. Social Structure: Tight-knit community following their own social norms, language (Santali), and cultural practices within their villages.
Changes in the Last 50 Years:
1. Land Issues: Rapid urbanization and government policies led to land loss, disrupting traditional livelihoods.
2. Education and Employment: Increased focus on education with more seeking non-traditional jobs.
3. Cultural Shift: Globalization influencing traditional customs, posing challenges for younger generations.
4. Infrastructure Development: Improved amenities but uneven access, especially in remote areas.
5. Social Dynamics: Impact of external cultures on traditional social structures and customs.
These changes reflect the Santhal tribe’s adaptation to modernization while preserving their cultural heritage and identity amidst evolving socio-economic landscapes.
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts 1. Alluri Sitarama Raju: - Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule. - Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals. - Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance. 2. Rani GaidRead more
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts
1. Alluri Sitarama Raju:
– Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule.
– Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals.
– Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance.
2. Rani Gaidinliu:
– Naga leader from Manipur who led a revolt against British rule in the 1930s.
– Advocated for Naga independence, rallying the Naga people.
– Admired for her fearlessness and dedication to the cause of Naga autonomy.
3. Bir Chilarai:
– Military commander from the Koch royal family in Assam.
– Led resistance against Mughal invasions in the 16th century, defending Assam.
– Revered as a hero among the Assamese for his strategic defense tactics.
These heroes, through their courage and leadership, played pivotal roles in fighting colonial oppression and defending the rights and autonomy of their communities in various regions of India.
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains inRead more
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains into a different river system. For instance, the Western Ghats in India serve as a water divide. Rivers originating from its western slopes, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, flow eastwards into the Bay of Bengal, while those from the eastern slopes, such as the Narmada and Tapti, flow westwards into the Arabian Sea.
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic siRead more
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic significance. It sustains agriculture, livelihoods, and diverse ecosystems along its extensive course, playing a vital role in the lives of millions of people residing in its basin. The Ganga River Basin is pivotal in India’s landscape, supporting various activities and ecosystems crucial for the region’s prosperity and heritage.
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins: - The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea. - The Ganga River originates from the GaRead more
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins:
– The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea.
– The Ganga River originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It flows through several Indian states like Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal, before finally merging into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers have separate origins—one in Tibet and the other in India—having different courses and destinations.
Which of the following policy decisions by the central government could potentially serve as a trade barrier?
The policy decision by the central government that could act as a trade barrier is: (c) implementing higher tariffs on imports. Explanation: Increasing tariffs on imports is a policy that can create a trade barrier by making foreign goods more expensive in the domestic market. This move aims to protRead more
The policy decision by the central government that could act as a trade barrier is:
(c) implementing higher tariffs on imports.
Explanation:
See lessIncreasing tariffs on imports is a policy that can create a trade barrier by making foreign goods more expensive in the domestic market. This move aims to protect domestic industries by discouraging imports. However, it can hinder free trade, as higher tariffs may reduce the competitiveness of foreign products, potentially limiting consumer choices and impacting international trade relations.
What problems did shifting cultivators face under British rule?
Shifting cultivators encountered difficulties during British rule due to restrictive land policies. Changes in farming practices, land loss, and forest laws disrupted their livelihoods. This resulted in economic hardships, cultural disturbances, and challenges to their traditional way of life, impacRead more
Shifting cultivators encountered difficulties during British rule due to restrictive land policies. Changes in farming practices, land loss, and forest laws disrupted their livelihoods. This resulted in economic hardships, cultural disturbances, and challenges to their traditional way of life, impacting their sustenance.
See lessHow did the powers of tribal chiefs change under colonial rule?
Changes in tribal chiefs' powers under colonial rule: 1. Administrative Interference: Many chiefs lost autonomy due to increased colonial administrative control. 2. Land Policies: Introduction of land laws led to land alienation, reducing chiefs' control over traditional territories. 3. Imposed LeadRead more
Changes in tribal chiefs’ powers under colonial rule:
1. Administrative Interference: Many chiefs lost autonomy due to increased colonial administrative control.
2. Land Policies: Introduction of land laws led to land alienation, reducing chiefs’ control over traditional territories.
3. Imposed Leadership: Some chiefs were appointed by the British, altering the traditional selection process.
4. Legal System Changes: Traditional justice systems were replaced by colonial laws, affecting chiefs’ judicial roles.
5. Erosion of Authority: Economic and social transformations weakened chiefs’ influence over communities.
6. Conflict and Resistance: Some chiefs resisted colonial interference, leading to clashes and further diminishing their powers.
7. Transformation of Roles: Chiefs became intermediaries between their communities and the colonial administration rather than autonomous leaders.
These changes collectively altered the dynamics of tribal governance, impacting the traditional powers and roles of tribal chiefs under colonial rule.
See lessWhat accounts for the anger of the tribals against the dikus?
Tribal anger against 'dikus' (outsiders): 1. Land Exploitation: Outsiders seized tribal lands for plantations and settlements without fair compensation, leading to loss of ancestral territories. 2. Cultural Imposition: Dikus enforced their culture, religion, and customs, erasing indigenous traditionRead more
Tribal anger against ‘dikus’ (outsiders):
1. Land Exploitation: Outsiders seized tribal lands for plantations and settlements without fair compensation, leading to loss of ancestral territories.
2. Cultural Imposition: Dikus enforced their culture, religion, and customs, erasing indigenous traditions and beliefs.
3. Economic Exploitation: Tribals faced low wages, unfair trade, and forced labor in industries, worsening poverty.
4. Social Discrimination: Dikus displayed disrespect, discriminating against tribal customs, causing social tensions.
5. Loss of Autonomy: New laws and governance structures disrupted tribal autonomy and traditional leadership.
6. Exploitative Practices: Tribals experienced coercive work without fair pay, worsening their living conditions.
These injustices fueled tribal resentment and rebellions, such as the Ulgulan, as they sought to protect their rights, culture, and autonomy against oppressive dikus.
See lessWhat was Birsa’s vision of a golden age? Why do you think such a vision appealed to the people of the region?
Birsa Munda's vision of a "Golden Age": 1. Social Equality: Envisioned a society where all were treated equally, irrespective of social status or background. 2. Land and Rights Restoration: Aimed to reclaim tribal lands taken by outsiders and restore their rights over resources. 3. Cultural PreservaRead more
Birsa Munda’s vision of a “Golden Age”:
1. Social Equality: Envisioned a society where all were treated equally, irrespective of social status or background.
2. Land and Rights Restoration: Aimed to reclaim tribal lands taken by outsiders and restore their rights over resources.
3. Cultural Preservation: Emphasized the preservation of tribal culture, traditions, and values threatened by outside influences.
4. Freedom from Exploitation: Strived to end exploitation by outsiders and local landlords, ensuring fair treatment and justice for tribals.
5. Unity and Empowerment: Inspired unity among tribes, advocating collective efforts for social change and reclaiming their autonomy.
The vision appealed as it offered hope for justice, cultural preservation, and empowerment against oppression, resonating with the aspirations of the marginalized tribal communities under colonial rule.
See lessChoose any tribal group living in India today. Find out about their customs and way of life, and how their lives have changed in the last 50 years.
Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years Customs and Way of Life: 1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life. 2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultRead more
Santhal Tribe: Customs, Way of Life, and Changes in the Last 50 Years
Customs and Way of Life:
1. Cultural Richness: The Santhals have a vibrant culture with traditional music, dance, and folk songs narrating their history and daily life.
2. Livelihood Practices: Historically practiced shifting cultivation, hunting, and gathering. Many now engage in agriculture and other modern occupations.
3. Social Structure: Tight-knit community following their own social norms, language (Santali), and cultural practices within their villages.
Changes in the Last 50 Years:
1. Land Issues: Rapid urbanization and government policies led to land loss, disrupting traditional livelihoods.
2. Education and Employment: Increased focus on education with more seeking non-traditional jobs.
3. Cultural Shift: Globalization influencing traditional customs, posing challenges for younger generations.
4. Infrastructure Development: Improved amenities but uneven access, especially in remote areas.
5. Social Dynamics: Impact of external cultures on traditional social structures and customs.
These changes reflect the Santhal tribe’s adaptation to modernization while preserving their cultural heritage and identity amidst evolving socio-economic landscapes.
See lessFind out from your parents, friends or teachers, the names of some heroes of other tribal revolts in the twentieth century. Write their story in your own words.
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts 1. Alluri Sitarama Raju: - Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule. - Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals. - Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance. 2. Rani GaidRead more
Heroes of 20th Century Tribal Revolts
1. Alluri Sitarama Raju:
– Leader of the Rampa Rebellion in Andhra Pradesh against British rule.
– Fought against unfair taxation and exploitation of tribals.
– Conducted guerrilla warfare until his death in 1924, symbolizing bravery and resistance.
2. Rani Gaidinliu:
– Naga leader from Manipur who led a revolt against British rule in the 1930s.
– Advocated for Naga independence, rallying the Naga people.
– Admired for her fearlessness and dedication to the cause of Naga autonomy.
3. Bir Chilarai:
– Military commander from the Koch royal family in Assam.
– Led resistance against Mughal invasions in the 16th century, defending Assam.
– Revered as a hero among the Assamese for his strategic defense tactics.
These heroes, through their courage and leadership, played pivotal roles in fighting colonial oppression and defending the rights and autonomy of their communities in various regions of India.
See lessWhat is meant by a water divide? Give an example.
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains inRead more
A water divide, also known as a watershed or drainage divide, is an elevated boundary separating two adjacent river systems or drainage basins. It determines the direction of water flow—rainfall or runoff on one side flows into a specific river system, while precipitation on the other side drains into a different river system. For instance, the Western Ghats in India serve as a water divide. Rivers originating from its western slopes, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, flow eastwards into the Bay of Bengal, while those from the eastern slopes, such as the Narmada and Tapti, flow westwards into the Arabian Sea.
See lessWhich is the largest river basin in India?
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic siRead more
The largest river basin in India is the Ganga River Basin. It encompasses the Ganga River along with its numerous tributaries like the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, and others. Extending across multiple states in northern India, the Ganga Basin holds immense geographical, cultural, and economic significance. It sustains agriculture, livelihoods, and diverse ecosystems along its extensive course, playing a vital role in the lives of millions of people residing in its basin. The Ganga River Basin is pivotal in India’s landscape, supporting various activities and ecosystems crucial for the region’s prosperity and heritage.
See lessWhere do the rivers Indus and Ganga have their origin?
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins: - The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea. - The Ganga River originates from the GaRead more
The rivers Indus and Ganga have distinct origins:
See less– The Indus River originates in the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar in China. It flows through Tibet, enters India in Ladakh, and further continues into Pakistan, eventually draining into the Arabian Sea.
– The Ganga River originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It flows through several Indian states like Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal, before finally merging into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers have separate origins—one in Tibet and the other in India—having different courses and destinations.