Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people as mentioned below: (i) There are highly skilled and educated workers such as teachers and doctors. (ii) On the other hand, a large number of workers are engaged in service such as small Shopkeepers, repair persons etc. who barely manageRead more
Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people as mentioned below:
(i) There are highly skilled and educated workers such as teachers and doctors.
(ii) On the other hand, a large number of workers are engaged in service such as small Shopkeepers, repair persons etc. who barely manage to earn a living. They perform these services because they do not have any other work to do.
"The tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy" is partially correct. During the period between 1973 and 2003, the production in the tertiary sector has increased to the extent that it has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the pRead more
“The tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy” is partially correct. During the period between 1973 and 2003, the production in the tertiary sector has increased to the extent that it has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector. it has more share in GDP than other sectors. There are several reasons for such a share in GDP as mentioned below :
(i) Basic services 1.e, hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, defence, banks etc. are being provided by the government in the developing countries.
(ii) The development of agriculture (primary sector) and industry (secondary sector) has led to development of services such as transport, trade and storage etc. in the tertiary sector.
(iii) Rise in income levels of the people has led to increase in their demands for more tourism facilities, shopping, better hospitals. Shopping malls, modern. Hospitals in big and metropolitan cities are examples of these services.
(iv) The rise new services based on information and communication technology have become necessary in life. This has increased the importance of tertiary service.
However, inspite of this, the tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy due to the following factors:
(a) The share of tertiary sector in employment has not increased in proportion to its Increase in production. In 2000, the prediction in service sector rose by 11 times, whereas employment has risen less than three times. Therefore, still more than half of the workers in the country are working in the primary sector.
(b) There are limited number of services that employ highly skilled and educated workers A very large number of worker such as shopkeepers, repair workers barely manage to earn a living. They do not have any alternative opportunities for work.
Open unemployment implies a situation when a person is unable to find any gainful work or job. He is able and willing to work but does not find gainful work. On the other hand, disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people whRead more
Open unemployment implies a situation when a person is unable to find any gainful work or job. He is able and willing to work but does not find gainful work. On the other hand, disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from work, production does not suffer.
(a) Disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from the work, productionRead more
(a) Disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from the work, production does not suffer. In India, the problem of disguised unemployment is particularly ‘acute in rural areas where more persons than required do the work in the fields. Workers in agriculture sector are under-employed. In such situation, everyone-does work no one remains idle but in actual fact, their labour effort gets divided. They work less than their potential.
This kind of employment is hidden. Hence, it is known as disguised unemployment.
(b) In urban areas there are casual workers in the service sector who search for daily employment such as painters, plumbers, repair persons and others doing odd jobs. They may spend the whole day but earn very-little. Thus, there is disguised unemployment both in rural and urban areas.
The classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary sectors is useful due to the following reasons : (i) The classification of economic activities show the employment conditions in different sectors. For example, in a developing country like India, most of the people are eRead more
The classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary sectors is useful due to the following reasons :
(i) The classification of economic activities show the employment conditions in different sectors. For example, in a developing country like India, most of the people are engaged in the primary sector which is also called agriculture and related sector. On the other hand, in the developed countries, like USA most people are employed in secondary and tertiary sectors.
(ii) The classification of economic activities also helps the government to take steps so that more and more people are employed in non-agricultural sectors, particularly tertiary sector because this sector helps in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. They do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. Thus, the classification of economic activities is useful for the progress of the country.
(a) Natural resources - Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources. (b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriRead more
(a) Natural resources – Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources.
(b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriminately, they will be exhausted. For example, if people in the world continue to use crude oil in the present manner, it will run out of stock in 43 years. Then there are countries like USA which are using their military and economic power to get maximum oil from other countries. India is dependent on other countries for oil and spending a lot off foreign exchange on its import.
(c) Steps for solving various problems: In view of the above problems following steps should be taken for the sustainability of development:
(i) Natural resources like crude oil should not be used indiscriminately.
(ii) Alternate modes of energy 1.e., solar energy or wind energy and others should be used so that a part of limited natural resources may be preserved for future generations.
(iii) There should be planned and judicious use of natural resources.
(iv) In countries like India where a large amount of foreign exchange is being spent on import of crude oil, efforts must be made for its planned and judicious use. Individuals should be discouraged to use own vehicles/cars for going to their work place. They should use public transport system. The government on its part, should provide better transport facilities.
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by eduRead more
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by educational tr-usts such as DAV College Managing Committee or S.D. Sabha. Similarly, there are many hospitals and nursing homes which aie belng run by private individuals and tmsts. In fact more health and educational facilities are being provided by private persons, trusts etc. than by the government
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group. (ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year. (iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10Read more
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group.
(ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.
(iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10 attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government. (b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below: (i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life eRead more
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government.
(b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below:
(i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life e.g. pollution free environment and better transport.
(ii) It ls cheapest way and the best way to provide goods and facilities to the people.
(iii) It develops the national feelings and a sense of collective responsibility.
(c) Public facilities available in India are defence, hospitals, police and government colleges and schools.
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the total income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich cRead more
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the
total income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich countries with per capita income of ₹4,53,000 per annum and above (2004) excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries are called rich and developed countries. As per World Bank the countries with per capita income of ₹37,000 or less are called low income countries. India’s per capita income in2004 was ₹28,000 per annum so it was also a low income country.
(b) The UNDP compares countries based on HDI i.e., on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income or average income.
(c) Human Development Index used by UNDP is better because it is a wider indicator in which besides per capita income, health and education are also included.
Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people. Who are these?
Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people as mentioned below: (i) There are highly skilled and educated workers such as teachers and doctors. (ii) On the other hand, a large number of workers are engaged in service such as small Shopkeepers, repair persons etc. who barely manageRead more
Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people as mentioned below:
See less(i) There are highly skilled and educated workers such as teachers and doctors.
(ii) On the other hand, a large number of workers are engaged in service such as small Shopkeepers, repair persons etc. who barely manage to earn a living. They perform these services because they do not have any other work to do.
“The tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy.’’ Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.
"The tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy" is partially correct. During the period between 1973 and 2003, the production in the tertiary sector has increased to the extent that it has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the pRead more
“The tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy” is partially correct. During the period between 1973 and 2003, the production in the tertiary sector has increased to the extent that it has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector. it has more share in GDP than other sectors. There are several reasons for such a share in GDP as mentioned below :
See less(i) Basic services 1.e, hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, defence, banks etc. are being provided by the government in the developing countries.
(ii) The development of agriculture (primary sector) and industry (secondary sector) has led to development of services such as transport, trade and storage etc. in the tertiary sector.
(iii) Rise in income levels of the people has led to increase in their demands for more tourism facilities, shopping, better hospitals. Shopping malls, modern. Hospitals in big and metropolitan cities are examples of these services.
(iv) The rise new services based on information and communication technology have become necessary in life. This has increased the importance of tertiary service.
However, inspite of this, the tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of Indian economy due to the following factors:
(a) The share of tertiary sector in employment has not increased in proportion to its Increase in production. In 2000, the prediction in service sector rose by 11 times, whereas employment has risen less than three times. Therefore, still more than half of the workers in the country are working in the primary sector.
(b) There are limited number of services that employ highly skilled and educated workers A very large number of worker such as shopkeepers, repair workers barely manage to earn a living. They do not have any alternative opportunities for work.
Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.
Open unemployment implies a situation when a person is unable to find any gainful work or job. He is able and willing to work but does not find gainful work. On the other hand, disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people whRead more
Open unemployment implies a situation when a person is unable to find any gainful work or job. He is able and willing to work but does not find gainful work. On the other hand, disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from work, production does not suffer.
See lessWhat do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas.
(a) Disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from the work, productionRead more
(a) Disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from the work, production does not suffer. In India, the problem of disguised unemployment is particularly ‘acute in rural areas where more persons than required do the work in the fields. Workers in agriculture sector are under-employed. In such situation, everyone-does work no one remains idle but in actual fact, their labour effort gets divided. They work less than their potential.
See lessThis kind of employment is hidden. Hence, it is known as disguised unemployment.
(b) In urban areas there are casual workers in the service sector who search for daily employment such as painters, plumbers, repair persons and others doing odd jobs. They may spend the whole day but earn very-little. Thus, there is disguised unemployment both in rural and urban areas.
Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary is useful? Explain how.
The classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary sectors is useful due to the following reasons : (i) The classification of economic activities show the employment conditions in different sectors. For example, in a developing country like India, most of the people are eRead more
The classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary sectors is useful due to the following reasons :
See less(i) The classification of economic activities show the employment conditions in different sectors. For example, in a developing country like India, most of the people are engaged in the primary sector which is also called agriculture and related sector. On the other hand, in the developed countries, like USA most people are employed in secondary and tertiary sectors.
(ii) The classification of economic activities also helps the government to take steps so that more and more people are employed in non-agricultural sectors, particularly tertiary sector because this sector helps in the development of the primary and secondary sectors. They do not produce a good but they are an aid or a support for the production process. Thus, the classification of economic activities is useful for the progress of the country.
Write a short note on the natural resources?
(a) Natural resources - Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources. (b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriRead more
(a) Natural resources – Meaning: Natural resources are available with nature. Land, water, minerals and forests are some of the natural resources. Minerals are non-renewable resources.
See less(b) Exhaustion of natural resources and other problems: If the natural resources such as minerals are used indiscriminately, they will be exhausted. For example, if people in the world continue to use crude oil in the present manner, it will run out of stock in 43 years. Then there are countries like USA which are using their military and economic power to get maximum oil from other countries. India is dependent on other countries for oil and spending a lot off foreign exchange on its import.
(c) Steps for solving various problems: In view of the above problems following steps should be taken for the sustainability of development:
(i) Natural resources like crude oil should not be used indiscriminately.
(ii) Alternate modes of energy 1.e., solar energy or wind energy and others should be used so that a part of limited natural resources may be preserved for future generations.
(iii) There should be planned and judicious use of natural resources.
(iv) In countries like India where a large amount of foreign exchange is being spent on import of crude oil, efforts must be made for its planned and judicious use. Individuals should be discouraged to use own vehicles/cars for going to their work place. They should use public transport system. The government on its part, should provide better transport facilities.
Does availability of good health and educational facilities depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities ? What other factors could be relevant?
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by eduRead more
Availability of good health and educational facilities d.o not depend only on amount of money spent by the government on these facilities. It depends on rich people, big companies, charitable trusts and others. For example, we {ind that a large percentage of schools and colleges are being run by educational tr-usts such as DAV College Managing Committee or S.D. Sabha. Similarly, there are many hospitals and nursing homes which aie belng run by private individuals and tmsts. In fact more health and educational facilities are being provided by private persons, trusts etc. than by the government
See lessDefine the following terms: (i) Literacy Rate (ii) IMR (iii) NAR
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group. (ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year. (iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10Read more
(l) Literacy Rate measures the proportion of literate population in the 7 and above age group.
See less(ii) IMR indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1000 live children born in that particular year.
(iii) NAR is the total number of children of age group 6-10 attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.
What do you mean by public facilities? Why are they important? Name two public facilities available in India.
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government. (b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below: (i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life eRead more
(a) Public facilities are those facilities and services required. for society or for public to live a better life. These are generally provided by the government.
See less(b) These are important and have advantages as mentioned below:
(i) Money cannot buy all services required for a better quality of life e.g. pollution free environment and better transport.
(ii) It ls cheapest way and the best way to provide goods and facilities to the people.
(iii) It develops the national feelings and a sense of collective responsibility.
(c) Public facilities available in India are defence, hospitals, police and government colleges and schools.
What is the difference in the criterion used by the World Bank and that of UNDP for measuring development? Which do you think is the better method and why?
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the total income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich cRead more
:(a)World Bank- For comparison between countries, the average income which is the
See lesstotal income of the country divided by. Its population is taken into consideration. The average income is also called the per capita income As per World development Report 2006 brought out by the World Bank, the rich countries with per capita income of ₹4,53,000 per annum and above (2004) excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries are called rich and developed countries. As per World Bank the countries with per capita income of ₹37,000 or less are called low income countries. India’s per capita income in2004 was ₹28,000 per annum so it was also a low income country.
(b) The UNDP compares countries based on HDI i.e., on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income or average income.
(c) Human Development Index used by UNDP is better because it is a wider indicator in which besides per capita income, health and education are also included.