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The Treaty of Bassein (1802) proved disastrous for the Marathas primarily because it—
By signing the Treaty of Bassein, Bajirao II traded the empire's independence for his personal survival. The treaty allowed the British East India Company to station a permanent subsidiary force in Pune, paid for by Maratha revenues. This move was viewed as a humilitating betrayal by other Maratha sRead more
By signing the Treaty of Bassein, Bajirao II traded the empire’s independence for his personal survival. The treaty allowed the British East India Company to station a permanent subsidiary force in Pune, paid for by Maratha revenues. This move was viewed as a humilitating betrayal by other Maratha sardars like Scindia and Bhonsle, as it effectively turned the Peshwa into a British puppet. It destroyed the internal balance of the confederacy and served as the immediate catalyst for the Second Anglo-Maratha War, ultimately paving the way for the total British conquest of Western India.
See lessThe Maratha administrative system differed from the Mughal system mainly in its — (A) Military organization (B) Revenue assessment (C) Degree of decentralization (D) Use of Persian language
While the Mughals utilized a standardized "Mansabdari" system to ensure that no official became too powerful in one region, the Marathas embraced a "Confederate" model. Maratha administration relied on the "Saranjam" system, which encouraged regional leaders to build their own administrative and milRead more
While the Mughals utilized a standardized “Mansabdari” system to ensure that no official became too powerful in one region, the Marathas embraced a “Confederate” model. Maratha administration relied on the “Saranjam” system, which encouraged regional leaders to build their own administrative and military structures. This high degree of decentralization allowed for rapid grassroots expansion and local resilience. However, it lacked the uniform legal and fiscal coherence of the Mughal state, making the Maratha Empire more of a military superpower and less of a consolidated administrative entity.
See lessHow many foot soldiers were under a ‘Naik’ in the Maratha infantry? (A) 15 (B) 25 (C) 9 (D) 3
In the Maratha infantry, the smallest unit was commanded by a Naik, who oversaw 9 foot soldiers. The infantry followed a precise decimal system: ten Naiks were under a Havaldar (commanding 50 soldiers) and two or three Havaldars were under a Jumledar. This disciplined, hierarchical structure made thRead more
In the Maratha infantry, the smallest unit was commanded by a Naik, who oversaw 9 foot soldiers. The infantry followed a precise decimal system: ten Naiks were under a Havaldar (commanding 50 soldiers) and two or three Havaldars were under a Jumledar. This disciplined, hierarchical structure made the infantry effective, especially in defensive warfare, siege operations and controlling the mountainous terrain where they utilized their local knowledge.
See lessThe treaty of 1719 between the Mughals and the Marathas was called the ‘Magna Carta of the Maratha Empire’ by Richard Temple. On whose behalf did Balaji Vishwanath and the Sayyid brothers sign this treaty?
The Treaty of 1719 was formally signed between Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath (representing Chhatrapati Shahu) and the Sayyid Brothers (representing the short-lived Mughal Emperor Rafi-ud-Darajat). The treaty was a political masterstroke for the Marathas: in exchange for providing military aid to the SayyRead more
The Treaty of 1719 was formally signed between Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath (representing Chhatrapati Shahu) and the Sayyid Brothers (representing the short-lived Mughal Emperor Rafi-ud-Darajat). The treaty was a political masterstroke for the Marathas: in exchange for providing military aid to the Sayyid Brothers, the Marathas received the official Mughal farman legalizing their collection of Chauth and Sardeshmukhi over the six Deccan provinces. This Mughal sanction gave the Marathas undisputed legal supremacy in the Deccan, leading Richard Temple to call it the ‘Magna Carta’ of the Maratha state.
See lessWhich treaty formally ended the First Anglo-Maratha War and recognized Madhav Rao II as the Peshwa under British protection?
The Treaty of Salbai (1782), mediated by Mahadji Scindia, was a diplomatic victory for the Marathas. Crucially, the British agreed to abandon their protégé Raghunath Rao (who was pensioned off) and formally recognize Madhav Rao II as the rightful Peshwa. While the British retained the strategicallyRead more
The Treaty of Salbai (1782), mediated by Mahadji Scindia, was a diplomatic victory for the Marathas. Crucially, the British agreed to abandon their protégé Raghunath Rao (who was pensioned off) and formally recognize Madhav Rao II as the rightful Peshwa. While the British retained the strategically important island of Salsette, the treaty restored most territories conquered since the Treaty of Purandar back to the Marathas. It established a 20-year peace (until 1802), which allowed the British to concentrate on neutralising Hyder Ali of Mysore, who had been an ally of the Marathas
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