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Who adopted a practical policy of revenue reform called ‘Rasm-e-Miyan’ (Middle Way) and ‘Tariq-e-Itdal’ (Sultan’s Way)?
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (founder of the Tughlaq dynasty) is associated in some medieval chroniclers with a policy style termed Rasm-e-Miyan (the middle or moderate way) and Tariq-e-Itdal (the Sultan’s balanced way). These phrases indicate his preference for practical, moderate revenue measures designedRead more
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (founder of the Tughlaq dynasty) is associated in some medieval chroniclers with a policy style termed Rasm-e-Miyan (the middle or moderate way) and Tariq-e-Itdal (the Sultan’s balanced way). These phrases indicate his preference for practical, moderate revenue measures designed to encourage cultivation while ensuring steady state income. Rather than harsh exactions or overly lax policies, this approach sought equilibrium in revenue extraction that would sustain the treasury without undermining agrarian productivity, marking a pragmatic administrative stance in the early Tughlaq period.
See lessWhich Sultan died when the wooden reception hall in Afghanpur/Tughlaqabad collapsed? (A) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (B) Alauddin Khalji (C) Firoz Tughlaq (D) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
The chronicled account recounts an accident at the royal camp or palace in which a wooden reception hall collapsed, killing Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (founder of the Tughlaq dynasty). This sudden death plunged the court into turmoil and paved the way for his son Jauna Khan (Muhammad bin Tughlaq) to ascendRead more
The chronicled account recounts an accident at the royal camp or palace in which a wooden reception hall collapsed, killing Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (founder of the Tughlaq dynasty). This sudden death plunged the court into turmoil and paved the way for his son Jauna Khan (Muhammad bin Tughlaq) to ascend the throne. The incident is part of the narrative of the early Tughlaq succession and is often cited as the proximate event that changed the dynasty’s leadership.
See less‘Sara-e-Adl’ was the market for which of the following? (A) Market for slaves, horses and cattle (B) Market for small items (C) Grain (D) Market for textiles and other goods
The Sara-e-Adl was a separate, specialized market established by Sultan Alauddin Khalji primarily for the sale of textiles and imported goods. Unlike the Mandi (grain market), the Sara-e-Adl controlled the prices of valuable commodities, including fine cloths, sugar, and dry fruits. The Sultan enforRead more
The Sara-e-Adl was a separate, specialized market established by Sultan Alauddin Khalji primarily for the sale of textiles and imported goods. Unlike the Mandi (grain market), the Sara-e-Adl controlled the prices of valuable commodities, including fine cloths, sugar, and dry fruits. The Sultan enforced strict regulations and provided subsidies to merchants (like the Multanis) to ensure these goods were sold at fixed, low rates, which was essential for maintaining his large standing army cheaply.
See lessThe practice of ‘Yak Aspa’ (one-horse soldier) and ‘Do Aspa’ (two-horse soldier) was introduced by— (A) Jahangir (B) Alauddin Khalji (C) Shah Jahan (D) None of these
During Alauddin Khalji’s military reforms, cavalry obligations were formalised: soldiers were classified as Yak Aspa (one-horse) or Do Aspa (two-horse) depending on how many mounts they provided and their specific duties. This system allowed the state to organise cavalry strength precisely, determinRead more
During Alauddin Khalji’s military reforms, cavalry obligations were formalised: soldiers were classified as Yak Aspa (one-horse) or Do Aspa (two-horse) depending on how many mounts they provided and their specific duties. This system allowed the state to organise cavalry strength precisely, determine required remount provisions and allocate pay and rations accordingly. The classification helped in recruitment standards, logistical planning and tactical deployment, contributing to the increased efficiency and reliability of Alauddin’s cavalry forces.
See lessWhich Sultan introduced the practice of paying soldiers in cash instead of land grants? (A) Muhammad bin Tughlaq (B) Alauddin Khalji (C) Iltutmish (D) Balban
Alauddin Khalji implemented fiscal-military reforms designed to professionalise and centralise the armed forces. He reduced reliance on land grants (iqta) as soldier pay and instead instituted cash payments to troops. Cash salaries strengthened the immediate loyalty of soldiers to the Sultan (ratherRead more
Alauddin Khalji implemented fiscal-military reforms designed to professionalise and centralise the armed forces. He reduced reliance on land grants (iqta) as soldier pay and instead instituted cash payments to troops. Cash salaries strengthened the immediate loyalty of soldiers to the Sultan (rather than to local landholders), simplified logistics of troop maintenance and helped sustain a standing army more responsive to central commands. This policy underpinned his ability to field disciplined armies and enforce internal order, aligning military interests closely with state fiscal policy.
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