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ASSERTION (A): Exclusive attention to caste can produce negative results in democracy. REASON (R): It can divert attention from other important issues thus leading to tensions, conflicts and even violence.
Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and the Reason properly explains the Assertion. When people focus only on caste-based matters in a democracy, it can overshadow other significant concerns like education, employment and national growth. This imbalance creates misunderstanding, tensions aRead more
Both the Assertion and the Reason are correct and the Reason properly explains the Assertion. When people focus only on caste-based matters in a democracy, it can overshadow other significant concerns like education, employment and national growth. This imbalance creates misunderstanding, tensions and sometimes violence among different groups. Hence, exclusive attention to caste can indeed produce harmful outcomes. Correct option: A
See lessWhat is the cartoonist critiquing in the image?
The correct answer is (b) Corporate dominance over political institutions. The cartoon depicts a powerful, greedy pig labeled “One-Party Country,” holding a dollar sign flag. It symbolizes how corporations and big businesses have taken control over democratic institutions such as the Senate, Court,Read more
The correct answer is (b) Corporate dominance over political institutions.
See lessThe cartoon depicts a powerful, greedy pig labeled “One-Party Country,” holding a dollar sign flag. It symbolizes how corporations and big businesses have taken control over democratic institutions such as the Senate, Court, House and Presidency. The cartoonist critiques the excessive influence of money in politics, implying that corporate power undermines democracy and public representation.
Which of the following states of India enjoy special powers under Article 371(A) of the Constitution of India? (a) Jammu & Kashmir (b) Nagaland (c) Rajasthan (d) Tamil Nadu
The correct answer is (b) Nagaland. Under Article 371(A) of the Indian Constitution, Nagaland has been granted special constitutional protection. It ensures that Parliament cannot impose laws on the state related to religious practices, customary laws, civil and criminal justice or ownership of landRead more
The correct answer is (b) Nagaland. Under Article 371(A) of the Indian Constitution, Nagaland has been granted special constitutional protection. It ensures that Parliament cannot impose laws on the state related to religious practices, customary laws, civil and criminal justice or ownership of land and resources without the consent of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly, thus preserving the state’s unique tribal identity and traditions.
See lessWhat role do ‘checks and balances’ play in a democratic country? Choose the most suitable option from the following:
Option (b) is correct. ‘Checks and balances’ in a democratic country maintain the separation of powers among the legislature, executive and judiciary. Each organ has defined powers and can restrain the others from exceeding their authority. This system prevents dictatorship, encourages accountabilitRead more
Option (b) is correct. ‘Checks and balances’ in a democratic country maintain the separation of powers among the legislature, executive and judiciary. Each organ has defined powers and can restrain the others from exceeding their authority. This system prevents dictatorship, encourages accountability and protects citizens’ rights, ensuring that no branch of government becomes too powerful or dominates the functioning of democracy.
See lessRead the given text and answer the following questions: Punjab, known as the “Granary of India”, has witnessed rapid groundwater depletion over the past three decades. The expansion of tube – well irrigation during the Green Revolution led to a significant increase in the area under paddy cultivation, a water – intensive crop. Continuous withdrawal of groundwater has caused the water table to drop by more than 1 metre annually in several districts. This decline threatens long – term agricultural productivity, increases pumping costs and can lead to deterioration of water quality due to the intrusion of deeper saline water layers. Experts warn that if current extraction rates continue, Punjab could face acute water scarcity, impacting food security and livelihoods. (i) Why is paddy cultivation in Punjab considered unsustainable from a water resource management perspective? (ii) Explain how the overuse of groundwater in Punjab could affect both the economy and the environment of the state. (iii) Suggest one cropping pattern change that could help conserve water in Punjab.
(i) Paddy cultivation in Punjab is unsustainable because it consumes excessive groundwater through tube-well irrigation. Continuous extraction has caused the water table to decline by more than a metre annually, depleting natural reserves. Such overuse threatens future water availability and weakensRead more
(i) Paddy cultivation in Punjab is unsustainable because it consumes excessive groundwater through tube-well irrigation. Continuous extraction has caused the water table to decline by more than a metre annually, depleting natural reserves. Such overuse threatens future water availability and weakens the long-term sustainability of agriculture.
(ii) Overuse of groundwater in Punjab has severe economic and environmental consequences. As water levels drop, farmers must dig deeper wells and spend more on electricity and diesel to pump water, raising agricultural costs and reducing profit margins. Environmentally, excessive extraction leads to soil degradation, declining fertility and intrusion of saline water into aquifers, contaminating freshwater sources. These factors threaten agricultural productivity, rural livelihoods and food security. Overexploitation of groundwater also weakens Punjab’s ecological balance, leading to long-term environmental stress and reduced sustainability of its agrarian economy.
(iii) Punjab can conserve water by shifting from water-intensive paddy to less water-demanding crops like maize, pulses or oilseeds. Maize uses much less water and provides stable returns. Promoting crop diversification, drip irrigation and government incentives for non-paddy crops can reduce groundwater depletion, improve soil health and ensure long-term agricultural sustainability, helping the state overcome its growing water crisis effectively.
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