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  1. When a ray of light propagates from a rarer to a denser medium, its frequency remains unchanged. Frequency depends only on the source of light and is unaffected by the medium of propagation. For more visit here: https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-9/

    When a ray of light propagates from a rarer to a denser medium, its frequency remains unchanged. Frequency depends only on the source of light and is unaffected by the medium of propagation.

    For more visit here:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-9/

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  2. To calculate the moment of inertia of a system consisting of four point masses arranged at the corners of a square, we start by visualizing the square with each side measuring l . The four point masses, each of mass m, are positioned at the corners of the square, designated as points A, B, C, and D.Read more

    To calculate the moment of inertia of a system consisting of four point masses arranged at the corners of a square, we start by visualizing the square with each side measuring l . The four point masses, each of mass m, are positioned at the corners of the square, designated as points A, B, C, and D.

    To find the moment of inertia about an axis that passes through the center of the square, we need to determine the distance of each mass from this central axis. The center of the square can be identified as the midpoint of the lines connecting the midpoints of opposite sides.

    Hence using the properties of geometry, the distances from the square’s center toward where the masses have been placed, to each and all of the vertices are equal in length. When a point mass is concerned with the moment of inertia, all that matters to determine it would be the square of the mass’s distance away from the rotational axis.

    Since all four masses are the same, we can sum up their individual contributions to obtain the total moment of inertia. The result will be a moment of inertia that captures the mass distribution relative to the axis of rotation, so that we get the final moment of inertia for the system. Thus, the answer to the question is 2ml².

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  3. The relation between the refractive index (n) and the critical angle (θ c ) for a given pair of optical media is: n = 1/sinθ c ​ where θ c is the angle of incidence for total internal reflection. For more visit here: https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-9/

    The relation between the refractive index (n) and the critical angle (θ c ) for a given pair of optical media is:
    n = 1/sinθ c

    where θ c is the angle of incidence for total internal reflection.

    For more visit here:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-9/

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  4. No, the decrease in speed does not imply a decrease in the energy carried by the light wave. The energy of light depends on its frequency, which remains unchanged when transitioning between media. Only the wavelength and speed are affected, not the energy. For more visit here: https://www.tiwariacadRead more

    No, the decrease in speed does not imply a decrease in the energy carried by the light wave. The energy of light depends on its frequency, which remains unchanged when transitioning between media. Only the wavelength and speed are affected, not the energy.

    For more visit here:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-9/

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  5. The working of optical fibers is based on the principle of total internal reflection. When light travels through the core of the fiber, it is reflected entirely at the core-cladding interface, allowing efficient transmission over long distances. For more visit here: https://www.tiwariacademy.com/nceRead more

    The working of optical fibers is based on the principle of total internal reflection. When light travels through the core of the fiber, it is reflected entirely at the core-cladding interface, allowing efficient transmission over long distances.

    For more visit here:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-9/

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