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During whose reign did the South African traveler Ibn Battuta visit India? (A) Humayun (B) Muhammad bin Tughlaq (C) Akbar (D) Alauddin Khalji
Ibn Battuta, the well-known traveler from Morocco, visited India during the rule of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, one of the most ambitious yet controversial rulers of the Delhi Sultanate. Impressed by Battuta’s knowledge, the Sultan appointed him as the Qazi of Delhi. Ibn Battuta spent several years in IndRead more
Ibn Battuta, the well-known traveler from Morocco, visited India during the rule of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, one of the most ambitious yet controversial rulers of the Delhi Sultanate. Impressed by Battuta’s knowledge, the Sultan appointed him as the Qazi of Delhi. Ibn Battuta spent several years in India and travelled widely across the subcontinent, including to Malabar and Sri Lanka. His travelogue, Rihla, provides vivid descriptions of Tughlaq’s administration, the splendour of Delhi, trade routes, people’s customs, markets and the challenges faced by the empire. His writings remain an important primary source for understanding 14th-century India.
See lessHow many times did Mahmud Ghaznavi invade India?
Mahmud Ghaznavi, the ruler of Ghazni, invaded India 17 times between 1000 and 1027 CE. His invasions were driven by the desire for wealth, expansion of his empire, and the spread of Islam. He targeted rich temples and prosperous cities such as Mathura, Kannauj and especially the Somnath Temple, whicRead more
Mahmud Ghaznavi, the ruler of Ghazni, invaded India 17 times between 1000 and 1027 CE. His invasions were driven by the desire for wealth, expansion of his empire, and the spread of Islam. He targeted rich temples and prosperous cities such as Mathura, Kannauj and especially the Somnath Temple, which he plundered in 1025 CE. Although he did not attempt long-term territorial annexation in India, his repeated raids weakened Indian kingdoms, particularly the Rajput powers. These invasions created political instability, paving the way for later Muslim conquests in North India. His campaigns hold major significance in medieval Indian history.
See lessWhich Delhi Sultan has been described by historians as a “mixture of opposites”?
Historians call Muhammad bin Tughlaq a “mixture of opposites” because he combined great intelligence with poor decision-making. He introduced bold ideas like shifting the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad, improving military control and revenue reforms, but these were poorly executed. His generous naRead more
Historians call Muhammad bin Tughlaq a “mixture of opposites” because he combined great intelligence with poor decision-making. He introduced bold ideas like shifting the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad, improving military control and revenue reforms, but these were poorly executed. His generous nature often clashed with his harsh punishments. He was deeply knowledgeable in subjects like mathematics, logic, astronomy, and philosophy, yet failed to understand practical governance. Some of his decisions caused suffering among common people. Despite this, he expanded the empire to its largest extent. This contrast between brilliance and failure makes him one of history’s most debated rulers.
ANSWER:
(C) Muhammad bin Tughlaq
See lessWho was the last ruler of the Lodi dynasty?
Ibrahim Lodi inherited a large but unstable empire in 1517. Unlike his predecessors, he dealt harshly with nobles, dismissing some and executing others, which created widespread rebellion. Governors of Awadh, Punjab, and Bihar turned against him. Daulat Khan Lodi and Alam Khan invited Babur to invadRead more
Ibrahim Lodi inherited a large but unstable empire in 1517. Unlike his predecessors, he dealt harshly with nobles, dismissing some and executing others, which created widespread rebellion. Governors of Awadh, Punjab, and Bihar turned against him. Daulat Khan Lodi and Alam Khan invited Babur to invade India, hoping to replace Ibrahim. Babur defeated him in the First Battle of Panipat (1526), using superior artillery and cavalry tactics. Ibrahim’s death ended both the Lodi dynasty and the Delhi Sultanate. His fall paved the way for the Mughal Empire, which went on to transform India’s culture, administration, and political landscape.
ANSWER:
(B) Ibrahim Lodi
See lessTo whom was “inam” land granted? (A) Scholars and religious figures (B) Hereditary revenue collectors (C) Mansabdars (D) Nobles
“Inam” land grants were given as rewards to scholars, Sufi saints, religious teachers, poets, and learned individuals. These grants often came without taxes, allowing the recipients to focus on spiritual, educational, or literary pursuits. Inam lands supported the functioning of madrasas, mosques, IRead more
“Inam” land grants were given as rewards to scholars, Sufi saints, religious teachers, poets, and learned individuals. These grants often came without taxes, allowing the recipients to focus on spiritual, educational, or literary pursuits. Inam lands supported the functioning of madrasas, mosques, Islamic seminaries, and cultural institutions. Many rulers used such grants to encourage intellectual growth and religious harmony in their kingdoms. Sometimes, inam landholders contributed to local welfare by providing free teaching or religious services. These grants played a major role in sustaining medieval Indian learning traditions and strengthening moral authority within communities.
ANSWER:
(A) Scholars and religious figures
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