What led to the major expansion of Bombay’s population in the mid-nineteenth century?

The major expansion of Bombay’s population in the mid-nineteenth century was due
to the following reasons:
(l) In the beginning, it was a major outlet for cotton textiles from Gujarat. In the nineteenth century, the city functioned as a port through which large quantities of raw materials such as cotton and opium would pass.
(ii) Bombay became capital of the Bombay Presidency in 1819, after the Maratha defeat in the Anglo-Maratha war. This led to its expansion.
(iii) As the trade of cotton and opium grew, large communities of traders and bankers, artisans and shopkeepers came to settle in Bombay.
(lv) The establishment of textile mills led to a fresh surge in migration. By 1921, there were 85 cotton mills with about 146,000 workers.
(v) Maritime trade also attracted a large number of people to the city.
(vi) Bombay was at the junction head of two major railways. The railways also encouraged migration into the city.
(vii) The famine in the dry regions of Kutchh drove large numbers of people into Bombay in 1888-89. As a result of above factors the population of Bombay increased form 644,405 in 1872 to nearly 1,500,000 in 1941.