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What did the spread of print culture in nineteenth century India mean to women?
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The spread of print culture in nineteenth century India was very important in the following ways for the women:
(i) Lives and feelings of women began to be written in clear ways.
(ii) Women’s reading increased enormously in middle-class homes.
(iii) Liberal husbands and fathers started educating women at home. When women
schools were opened after the mid-nineteenth century, they sent them to schools for education.
(iv) Articles were written in journals about the need of education for women. Sometimes syllabus and suitable reading material was published which could be used for home-based schooling. Thus print culture helped in the improvement of condition of women in the society. Some of them wrote books and autobiographies. For example, Rashsundari Debi wrote her autobiography Amar Jiban which was published in 1876. Kailashbashini Debi (Bengal), Tarabai Shinde and Pandita Ramabai (Maharashtra) were famous women writers.
The spread of print culture in 19th-century India had mixed effects on women. Some gained access to education and information, empowering them to voice opinions and advocate for rights. However, societal constraints limited widespread access, and not all women could equally benefit from print culture’s opportunities for empowerment and awareness.