Restoring force is the force that brings a system back to its equilibrium position after displacement. It acts in the opposite direction of displacement and increases with distance. Examples include the force in a stretched spring, the force in a pendulum, and the force due to surface tension in liquids.
Chapter 13 of Class 11 Physics covers Oscillations for the CBSE Exam 2024-25. It explains periodic motion and simple harmonic motion with equations of motion. Key topics include oscillation of springs and pendulums, energy in SHM, damping, forced oscillations, resonance, and angular SHM. The chapter also discusses time period, frequency, amplitude, and phase of oscillations.
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The restoring force F in Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) obeys Hooke’s Law, which is represented by the expression:
F = -kx
Here, the meanings of the parameters are as follows:
– k is the force constant (spring constant),
– x is the displacement from the equilibrium position.
The negative sign shows that it always acts against the displacement in an attempt to bring the particle back to its equilibrium position.
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