A particle of mass m moving with velocity v collides with a stationary particle of mass 2 m. After collision, the speed of the combined particle is
Collisions occur when two or more bodies come into contact, resulting in an exchange of momentum and energy. They can be elastic, where kinetic energy is conserved, or inelastic, where kinetic energy is not conserved. Understanding collisions is essential in various fields, including physics, engineering, and safety design.
Class 11 Physics focuses on Work, Energy, and Power, exploring fundamental concepts such as the principles of energy conservation, different forms of energy, and the relationship between work and energy. This chapter prepares students for understanding mechanical systems and lays the groundwork for advanced studies in physics and engineering.
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Using the principle of conservation of momentum, we can calculate the speed of the combined particle after the collision.
1. Let the initial momentum of the system be:
– The momentum of the first particle having mass m and velocity v is m * v.
– The momentum of the second particle having mass 2m and at rest is 2m * 0 = 0.
Total initial momentum = mv + 0 = mv.
2. As the collision takes place, the two particles merge together and a total mass as follows:
Total mass = m + 2m = 3m.
3. Supposing the speed of the merged particle after the collision as V. According to the law of conservation of momentum
Initial momentum = Final momentum
mv = (3m) * V.
4. Solving for V:
V = mv / (3m) = v / 3.
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