Work, energy and power are fundamental concepts in physics. Work is done when a force causes displacement. Energy is the capacity to perform work, existing in forms like kinetic and potential energy. Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. These principles are essential in understanding physical systems and mechanical processes.
Class 11 Physics Chapter 5, Work, Energy and Power, explains the concepts of work done by forces energy forms like kinetic and potential energy and the power involved in processes. It emphasizes their applications in solving problems and understanding the principles of conservation in mechanics essential for CBSE Exam 2024-25.
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In the case of collisions, momentum and kinetic energy behave differently. Momentum is a fundamental property of motion, which is always conserved in all types of collisions provided no external forces act on the system. This universal principle applies to both elastic and inelastic collisions.
Kinetic energy, however, is not conserved. It is conserved only in elastic collisions, where there is no loss of energy to heat, sound, or deformation. In such cases, the total kinetic energy of the system before and after the collision remains the same. Elastic collisions typically occur at a microscopic level, such as between gas particles, where energy is perfectly transferred between colliding objects.
In inelastic collisions, kinetic energy is not conserved. A part of it is converted into other forms of energy, such as heat, sound, or potential energy due to deformation of the colliding objects. Inelastic collisions are very common in everyday life, like a car crash, where deformation of the vehicles and heat generation result in loss of kinetic energy.
Thus, momentum conservation is a universal law of all collisions, whereas the former depends on the nature of the collision and points out to be an important distinction between the two.
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