A body of mass 5 kg has momentum of 10 kg m s⁻¹. When a force of 0.2 N is applied on it for 10 s, what is the change in kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. It depends on the mass of the object and the square of its velocity. As an object’s speed increases its kinetic energy increases significantly. This concept is crucial in understanding dynamics and is applicable in various fields such as physics engineering and everyday life situations involving moving objects.
Class 11 Physics Chapter 5 focuses on the concepts of work, energy and power. It explores the definitions relationships and calculations of these fundamental principles. Students learn about kinetic energy, potential energy and the conservation of energy. The chapter emphasizes real-life applications and problem-solving techniques essential for understanding mechanics and physical phenomena in various contexts.
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To find the change in kinetic energy of a body that has a mass of 5 kg and an initial momentum of 10 kg·m/s, we begin by finding the initial velocity. The definition of momentum as the product of mass and velocity reveals that the initial velocity is 2 m/s when calculated using the given mass and momentum.
Next, we must know what the applied force does. For 10 s, a force of 0.2 N acts on the body. According to Newton’s second law, this will give an acceleration produced. Since we have the mass known, the computed acceleration is found to be 0.04 m/s².
Now, we could calculate the final velocity after a force has been applied. Acceleration increases this initial velocity of 2 m/s to a final velocity of 2.4 m/s.
We calculate the initial and final kinetic energies in order to determine the change in kinetic energy. The initial kinetic energy is 10 J, whereas the final kinetic energy, once the increase in velocity is considered, is 14.4 J. So, the change in kinetic energy is 4.4 J.
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