The term ‘Zawabit’ in the Mughal administration referred to State Laws or secular regulations. These were royal decrees or regulations (Qanun-i-Shahi) issued by the Mughal emperors that supplemented the religious law (Sharia) where necessary. Zawabit covered administrative, revenue and economic matters crucial for the efficient running of the complex, vast empire. The correct answer is (C) State laws.
Share
‘Zawabit’ refers to the State Laws or secular decrees and regulations promulgated by the Mughal emperors. Since the Sharia (Islamic religious law) did not provide comprehensive coverage for all administrative complexities of a large, diverse empire, the Mughal rulers issued Zawabit to regulate revenue collection, public policy and administrative procedures. These regulations, which were often based on local customs and political expediency rather than strict religious texts, were crucial for maintaining order, ensuring fair governance and facilitating the day-to-day operations of the government.