Two important limitations of Rutherford nuclear model of the atom are as follows:
(i) An electron revolving in a circular orbit is an example of accelerated motion. According to classical Physics, a particle in accelerated motion must radiate energy. Consequently, energy of moving electron should go on decreasing and decreasing and ultimately electron should fall into the nucleus. Thus, Rutherford atom is not stable.
(ii) According to Rutherford’s atom model we should obtain radiation of all possible wavelengths whereas in actual practice atomic spectrum is line spectrum.
Write two important limitations of Rutherford’s nuclear model of the atom.
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Two important limitations of Rutherford’s nuclear model are:
(i) Stability Issue: According to classical electromagnetic theory, electrons revolving around the nucleus should emit energy continuously, causing them to spiral into the nucleus. This contradicts the stability of atoms.
(ii) Spectral Lines: The model could not explain the discrete spectral lines observed in atomic emission or absorption spectra. It failed to account for the quantized energy levels of electrons, later addressed by Bohr’s atomic model.
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