Pressing a balloon hard increases the internal pressure beyond its elastic limit, causing it to burst. The sudden release of stored energy in the form of kinetic energy results in the explosion, illustrating the capability of objects with energy to cause changes or perform work.
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A balloon may explode when pressed hard because the pressure exerted on the balloon’s surface increases beyond the limit that the balloon material can withstand. As a result, the material fails, causing the balloon to burst. This release of pressure and stored elastic potential energy inside the balloon leads to a sudden and rapid expansion, resulting in an explosion.