Raja Todarmal, Akbar’s finance minister, implemented major land revenue reforms. He introduced systematic land measurement, surveyed agricultural areas and fixed revenue based on fertility. His system, called Todarmal Bandobast, ensured fairness and efficiency. It became the foundation of Mughal revenue administration and influenced later systems. ANSWER: (B) Todarmal
Who was responsible for land revenue reforms during Akbar’s reign? (A) Veerbal (B) Todarmal (C) Jai Singh (D) Biharimal
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Todarmal was one of Akbar’s most capable administrators and the architect of the Mughal revenue system. His reforms included detailed land surveys, measurement of cultivated fields and classification based on soil quality. He introduced a uniform taxation system where revenue was fixed according to average produce and prices over ten years. This system, known as Zabt or Todarmal Bandobast, reduced corruption, increased state income and provided stability to farmers. Todarmal’s policies were so efficient that both Jahangir and Shah Jahan continued them and the British later adapted several aspects in their revenue settlements.