Insulin, a pivotal hormone in regulating blood sugar levels, was discovered through the collaborative efforts of (b) Banting and Best in 1921. Frederick Banting, a Canadian medical researcher, and his assistant, Charles Best, conducted experiments at the University of Toronto that led to the extraction of insulin from the pancreas. Their breakthrough work provided a life-saving treatment for diabetes, a condition previously considered fatal. This discovery revolutionized the management of diabetes, allowing individuals with the condition to lead significantly improved lives. The successful isolation of insulin earned Banting and Best the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1923, highlighting the profound impact of their research on medicine and human health. While other scientists had made contributions to understanding diabetes, such as the role of diet in its management by Elliott Joslin, Banting and Best’s discovery of insulin marked a major milestone in medical history.