Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the founder and first Sultan of the Tughlaq dynasty. He established a disciplined administration, built the fortified city Tughlaqabad and worked to strengthen the empire’s economy. His reign marked a transition from the Khilji period’s aggressive expansion to more structured governance, laying the foundation for later Tughlaq rulers.
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Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the first ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty, coming to power in 1320 AD after ending the Khilji rule. A disciplined and practical administrator, he focused on strengthening the economy, improving agriculture and establishing law and order. One of his major achievements was founding the fortified city of Tughlaqabad, designed to defend Delhi from Mongol threats. His policies marked a shift from the aggressive expansionism of earlier rulers to more structured governance. Although his reign was short, Ghiyasuddin laid the foundation that allowed later Tughlaq rulers, including Muhammad bin Tughlaq, to govern a large and complex empire.