Which of the following is called the pacemaker of the endocrine system?
Insulin, produced by the pancreas, regulates blood sugar levels and is often referred to as the pacemaker of the endocrine system due to its central role in controlling metabolism and energy utilization.
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The correct answer is [C] Insulin. Insulin is often referred to as the pacemaker of the endocrine system due to its pivotal role in regulating blood sugar levels and metabolism. Produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells throughout the body, where it is utilized for energy production or stored for later use.
Maintaining blood glucose within a narrow range is crucial for proper functioning of organs and tissues. Insulin helps to lower blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake by cells, inhibiting glucose production in the liver, and facilitating the storage of excess glucose as glycogen.
Imbalances in insulin production or function can lead to various metabolic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, where either insufficient insulin is produced (Type 1 diabetes) or cells become resistant to insulin’s effects (Type 2 diabetes). This underscores the fundamental role of insulin as the pacemaker orchestrating metabolic processes within the body.