Which gland of the human body simultaneously acts as both endocrine and exocrine?

The gland in the human body that functions simultaneously as both an endocrine and exocrine gland is the pancreas. As an endocrine gland, it secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream, regulating blood sugar levels. Additionally, as an exocrine gland, the pancreas produces and releases digestive enzymes into the digestive tract, aiding in the breakdown of food. This dual functionality is unique to the pancreas, allowing it to play essential roles in both hormone regulation and digestion. Therefore, the correct option is (a) Pancreas. The liver, pituitary, and thyroid glands do not have simultaneous endocrine and exocrine functions.