Humayun re-established Mughal rule in 1555 AD. After a 15-year exile, he defeated the Sur army at the Battle of Sirhind in June 1555 and reoccupied Delhi. His second, short-lived reign began in 1555. However, he died in early 1556 after an accidental fall, leaving the empire to his son, Akbar. The correct answer is (C) 1555-56 AD.
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Humayun successfully re-established the Mughal Empire in 1555 AD. After spending fifteen years in exile following his defeat by Sher Shah Suri, he returned with Persian support. The decisive victory over the Sur dynasty successor, Sikandar Shah Suri, at the Battle of Sirhind in June 1555, allowed him to recapture Delhi and Agra. His second reign was tragically brief, lasting only until January 1556 when he died from a fall. His re-establishment was crucial, as it set the stage for the ascent of his son, the great Emperor Akbar.