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What was the immediate cause of Ahmad Shah Abdali’s invasion of India and fighting the Third Battle of Panipat?
The direct provocation for Abdali’s 1759 invasion was the Maratha conquest of Punjab in 1758. Raghunath Rao’s forces had driven out Abdali’s son and viceroy, Timur Shah, from Lahore. Abdali viewed this as a personal insult and a direct threat to his empire’s borders, leading him to launch a “Jihad” to reclaim the Punjab and punish the Marathas. ANSWER: (B) He wanted to avenge the expulsion of his viceroy, Timur Shah, from Lahore by the Marathas.
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