Tungsten is used almost exclusively for filaments in electric bulbs because it has a high melting point, allowing it to withstand the intense heat generated by the filament during illumination. On the other hand, copper and aluminium are chosen for electrical transmission lines due to their excellent conductivity, which minimizes energy loss during the transmission of electrical power over long distances.
What makes tungsten the preferred choice for filaments in electric bulbs, while copper and aluminium are used for electrical transmission lines?
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Tungsten is the preferred choice for filaments in electric bulbs due to its unique combination of properties. Tungsten has an exceptionally high melting point, allowing the filament to reach incandescent temperatures without melting. Its stability prevents reactions with gases in the bulb, ensuring a longer lifespan. The high melting point also enables efficient light production.
Copper and aluminum are commonly used for electrical transmission lines due to their excellent conductivity. While copper is a superior conductor, aluminum is chosen for its lower cost and lighter weight, making it more practical for long-distance power transmission. Both metals possess high ductility and malleability, facilitating the production of thin wires for efficient energy transfer. The selection of tungsten, copper, or aluminum is driven by the specific demands of each application, emphasizing factors such as temperature resistance, electrical conductivity, and cost-effectiveness.