In geomorphology, the Ranchi Plateau is a prime example of an “Uplifted Peneplain.” Originally, this region was a high mountain range that was eroded over millions of years into a flat, level surface close to sea level. Later, during the Himalayan orogeny, the area was subjected to “epeirogenic” movements that lifted it up. Today, it stands as a high plateau with steep edges called “scarps.” This history is evident in the plateau’s flat summit and the numerous waterfalls (like Hundru Falls) that occur where rivers drop off the edge of the uplifted block into the surrounding lower plains.