The primary organ responsible for producing eggs and certain hormones in the female reproductive system is the ovaries. These almond-shaped structures, located on either side of the uterus, play a crucial role in the reproductive process. Ovaries produce and release eggs (ova) during the menstrual cycle through a process called ovulation. Additionally, the ovaries are major endocrine glands, producing hormones such as estrogen and progesterone, which regulate the menstrual cycle, support pregnancy, and influence various aspects of female physiology, including secondary sexual characteristics and bone health. The ovaries are essential for fertility and the overall hormonal balance in the female reproductive system.