When pea plants with different traits are bred (crossed), the dominant traits are expressed in the first generation (F1). In this case, tallness and round seeds are dominant traits.
Describe the traits of the progeny from crossing a tall plant with round seeds and a short plant with wrinkled seeds.
What is the outcome when pea plants with different traits are bred together?
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When pea plants with different traits are bred together, a phenomenon known as a monohybrid cross occurs. In the first generation (F1), all the offspring display the dominant trait, masking the recessive trait. However, in the second generation (F2), the recessive trait reappears in a predictable ratio of 3:1. This outcome, observed by Mendel in his experiments, demonstrates the principles of dominance and segregation. The genetic information is not blended; instead, traits follow specific patterns of inheritance, leading to a clear segregation and recombination of traits in subsequent generations.