The cause that changes the motion of an object is a force. A force is any interaction that, when unopposed, changes the motion of an object. Forces can be contact forces (like friction, tension, and normal force) or non-contact forces (like gravitational, electromagnetic, and nuclear forces). The net force acting on an object determines its acceleration and subsequent change in motion.
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The nature of the cause that changes the motion of an object is a force. Force can be a push, pull, or hit, and it acts upon an object to alter its state of motion. This change can result in acceleration, deceleration, or a change in direction, depending on the magnitude and direction of the applied force.