NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter 8
How do Organisms Reproduce?
NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board and UP Board
Intext Questions
Page No-128
Questions No-1
What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?
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NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter 8
How do Organisms Reproduce?
NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board and UP Board
Intext Questions
Page No-128
Questions No-1
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material found in the chromosomes, which are present in the nucleus of a cell. The DNA is the information site for making proteins and each specific type of protein leads to a specific type of body design.
Thus, it is the DNA molecule that determines the body design of an individual. Therefore, it can be concluded that it is the DNA that gets transferred from parents to offsprings and makes them look similar.
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Importance of DNA copying in reproduction is:-
1) It contains information about inheritance from parents to offspring.
2) It codes for proteins required by an individual.
3) If DNA is not copied during reproduction, correct proteins will not be formed and
the structure of the individual will be entirely different.
4) Errors in DNA copying will lead to evolution.
5) It makes the organism look similar to each other.
DNA determines the body design of an individual. The DNA that gets transferred from parents to offsprings makes them look similar. DNA copying is important for reproduction. Additional copies of DNA are made during replication which is necessary for the new cells formed after cell division.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material found in the chromosomes, which are present in the nucleus of a cell.
DNA copying in reproduction is important because it makes the organism look similar to each other. If DNA is not copied during reproduction, correct proteins will not be formed and the structure of the individual will be entirely different.
Importance of DNA copying in reproduction are as follows –
(i) DNA copying is the basis of inheritance of traits from parents to offspring.
(ii) During copying of DNA, sometimes slight variations occur which form the basis for evolution.
DNA contains information for inheritance of features from parents to next generation. During reproduction, a parent cell may directly give rise to the daughter cell, or indirectly by formation of gametes. In either case, the new cell produced must contain information present in the parent cell to form its own proteins. Thus DNA copying is essential, so that the daughter cells may have their own sets of chromosomes, having same information, as that in the parent cell.
DNA copying, also known as DNA replication, is a fundamental process in reproduction, and its importance lies in ensuring the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. Here are several key reasons why DNA copying is crucial for reproduction:
1. Transmission of Genetic Information:
» DNA carries the genetic instructions that determine the traits and characteristics of an organism. During reproduction, the genetic information encoded in DNA must be accurately copied and passed on to offspring to ensure the continuity of the species.
2. Cell Division and Growth:
» DNA replication is an essential part of the cell cycle, enabling cells to divide and replicate. In multicellular organisms, cell division is crucial for growth, development, and the replacement of damaged or old cells. Each daughter cell produced during cell division should have an identical copy of the genetic material.
3. Inheritance of Traits:
» DNA contains the hereditary information that determines the traits an organism inherits from its parents. Through DNA replication, each parent contributes genetic material to the offspring, leading to a combination of traits that reflects the genetic diversity within a population.
4. Maintenance of Genetic Stability:
» Accurate DNA replication is crucial for maintaining the stability of the genetic code. Errors in DNA replication, if not corrected, can lead to mutations that may result in genetic disorders or diseases. The fidelity of DNA copying is maintained by various cellular mechanisms that proofread and repair DNA.
5. Adaptation and Evolution:
» DNA replication plays a role in the generation of genetic diversity. While the overall process is highly accurate, occasional mutations may occur. These mutations can contribute to genetic variation within a population, providing the raw material for natural selection and evolution.
6. Conservation of Genetic Information:
» DNA replication allows the conservation of genetic information across generations. The faithful transmission of genetic material ensures that the information encoded in DNA is passed on intact, preserving the genetic identity of a species over time.
7. Reproductive Success:
» Reproductive success depends on the accurate transmission of genetic information. Organisms that can faithfully replicate their DNA have a better chance of producing viable and healthy offspring, contributing to the success and survival of their species.
In summary, DNA copying is essential for the transmission of genetic information, the continuity of species, and the maintenance of genetic stability. The accuracy of DNA replication is critical for the proper functioning of cells, the inheritance of traits, and the long-term success of reproductive processes in living organisms.