What is the difference between a Gram Sabha and a Gram Panchayat?

In the context of rural governance in India, both Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat play distinct but interconnected roles within the decentralized Panchayati Raj system. The Gram Sabha is a village assembly comprising all eligible voters in the village, serving as the basic democratic unit. It acts as a forum for villagers to participate in decision-making, voice concerns, and collectively decide on local issues. The Gram Sabha approves development plans, discusses budgets, and oversees the functioning of the Gram Panchayat.

On the other hand, the Gram Panchayat is the executive body responsible for implementing the decisions made by the Gram Sabha. It is an elected local government institution headed by a Sarpanch. The Gram Panchayat takes care of day-to-day administration, plans and executes development projects, manages local resources, and ensures the overall well-being of the village.

While the Gram Sabha represents the collective voice of the villagers in decision-making, the Gram Panchayat translates those decisions into actionable plans. Together, they form a crucial part of the grassroots governance structure, fostering local democracy and development in rural areas.