A reflex arc commonly refers to the neural pathway that mediates a reflex action. It typically involves a sensory receptor (detects stimuli), a sensory neuron (transmits signals to the central nervous system), an interneuron (integrates information within the central nervous system), a motor neuron (sends signals to an effector organ), and an effector (muscle or gland that responds to the motor neuron signals). This coordinated pathway enables rapid, involuntary responses to stimuli, often without conscious involvement. Reflex arcs are essential for swift reactions to potential dangers and are crucial for maintaining the integrity and survival of an organism in various environments.