The light-sensitive cells in the retina, upon illumination, generate electrical signals. These signals are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerves. The brain interprets and processes these signals, allowing us to perceive objects as they are.
What happens to the electrical signals generated by the light-sensitive cells in the retina?
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Light-sensitive cells in the retina, namely photoreceptor cells (rods and cones), convert light stimuli into electrical signals through a process called phototransduction. These signals are then transmitted through intermediate cells like bipolar cells and ganglion cells. The axons of ganglion cells bundle to form the optic nerve. These electrical impulses travel along the optic nerve to the brain’s visual processing centers, such as the thalamus and visual cortex. In the brain, the signals undergo complex processing to form a coherent visual perception. This intricate pathway ensures the conversion and interpretation of light signals into meaningful visual information for perception and awareness.