NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science
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Class 10 Social Science
NCERT Books Extra Questions for Session 2022-2023
CBSE Board
What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas.
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Disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even, if the surplus people are removed from the work, production does not suffer. In India, the problem of disguised unemployment is particularly acute in rural areas where more person do the work in the fields. Workers in agricultural sector are under-employed. In such situation, everyone does work. No one remains idle but in actual fact, their labour effort gets divided. They work less than their potential. This kind of employment is hidden. Hence, it is known as disguised unemployment.
In urban areas there are casual workers in the service sector who search for daily employment such as painters, plumbers, repair persons and others doing odd jobs. They may spend the whole day but earn very little. Thus, there is disguised unemployment both in rural and urban areas.
(a) Disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from the work, production does not suffer. In India, the problem of disguised unemployment is particularly ‘acute in rural areas where more persons than required do the work in the fields. Workers in agriculture sector are under-employed. In such situation, everyone-does work no one remains idle but in actual fact, their labour effort gets divided. They work less than their potential.
This kind of employment is hidden. Hence, it is known as disguised unemployment.
(b) In urban areas there are casual workers in the service sector who search for daily employment such as painters, plumbers, repair persons and others doing odd jobs. They may spend the whole day but earn very-little. Thus, there is disguised unemployment both in rural and urban areas.
Disguised unemployment is a situation in which more people are engaged in an activity than the required ones. The people who are actually engaged in such an activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. In such cases, even if the surplus people are removed from the work, production does not suffer.
In India, the problem of disguised unemployment is particularly ‘acute in rural areas where more persons than required do the work in the fields. Workers in agriculture sector are under-employed. In such situation, everyone-does work no one remains idle but in actual fact, their labour effort gets divided. They work less than their potential.
a. This kind of employment is hidden. Hence, it is known as disguised unemployment.
(b) In urban areas there are casual workers in the service sector who search for daily employment such as painters, plumbers, repair persons and others doing odd jobs. They may spend the whole day but earn very-little. Thus, there is disguised unemployment both in rural and urban areas.
Disguised unemployment occurs when individuals are officially employed but their work is unproductive or underutilized, contributing minimally to overall output. It’s challenging to detect as it remains concealed within official employment statistics.
Urban Example:
In a family-operated store, if three members are employed but only two are necessary for efficient operations, the third member represents disguised unemployment due to limited productive contribution.
Rural Example:
On a small farm with multiple family members working, if the available land cannot fully utilize all labor, it leads to disguised unemployment among the excess workforce.
Key Characteristics:
– Low Productivity: Disguised unemployment often associates with reduced productivity, impacting overall output.
– Low Income: Underemployment leads to limited earnings, affecting financial stability.
– Stagnant Skills: Scarce opportunities for skill growth hinder career development.
– Hidden Nature: Difficult to identify as individuals are officially employed, making intervention challenging.
Strategies to Address Disguised Unemployment:
– Diversifying Economy: Creating jobs in various sectors helps absorb disguised unemployment.
– Skill Enhancement: Training programs empower individuals for better-suited roles.
– Social Safety Nets: Strong safety nets support those facing underemployment or low wages.
– Improved Data Collection: Accurate data aids in identifying and intervening effectively.
Addressing disguised unemployment ensures better workforce utilization, promoting more inclusive economic growth.