The two main factors are: (1) a global climatic change around 2200 BCE that led to reduced rainfall and made agriculture difficult, and (2) the drying up of the Sarasvatī River, which caused cities like Kalibangan and Banawali to be abandoned.
Chapter 6 The Beginnings of Indian Civilisation Class 6
NCERT Social Science Textbook Exploring Society India and Beyond Session 2024-2025.
What are the two main factors that are currently agreed upon regarding the decline of the Harappan civilisation?
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Two main factors widely agreed upon for the decline of the Harappan civilization are environmental changes and river shifts. The drying of the Sarasvatī River and frequent flooding of the Indus River likely disrupted agriculture, trade, and settlements, leading to gradual urban abandonment.
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