Stomata are small pores found in the epidermis of leaves, enclosed by two kidney-shaped cells called guard cells. They are necessary for gas exchange with the atmosphere, including the intake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen. Stomata also facilitate transpiration, the loss of water vapor from the plant.
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Stomata are microscopic pores found on the surfaces of plant leaves, stems, and other organs, primarily on the epidermis. They play a crucial role in plant physiology by regulating gas exchange. Stomata allow the intake of carbon dioxide (CO2) essential for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen (O2) produced during this process. Additionally, stomata control water vapor loss through transpiration. Their opening and closing are regulated by guard cells, responding to environmental cues like light, humidity, and CO2 levels. Stomata thus contribute to the plant’s ability to balance gas exchange, optimize photosynthesis, and regulate water conservation.