What are sex hormones? Why are they named so? State their function.

Sex hormones are specialized substances produced primarily by the gonads (testes in males and ovaries in females), as well as the adrenal glands. They’re named “sex hormones” due to their pivotal role in controlling sexual development and reproduction.

Function of Sex Hormones:
1. In Males (Androgens – Testosterone):
– Development: Stimulate the growth of male sexual characteristics like facial hair, deep voice, and muscle mass.
– Sperm Production: Facilitate the production of sperm cells.
– Sex Drive: Influence libido and sexual function.

2. In Females (Estrogens – Estradiol, Progesterone):
– Development: Promote the growth of female sexual traits such as breast development and regulation of the menstrual cycle.
– Reproductive Cycle: Regulate the menstrual cycle and ovulation.
– Pregnancy Support: Maintain the uterine lining and aid fetal development during pregnancy.

These hormones are vital for reproductive health, influencing the physical and functional aspects of sexual characteristics and ensuring the proper functioning of the reproductive system in both males and females.