Geographically, an intermontane plateau is a “plateau between mountains.” These features are created during periods of intense tectonic activity when the crust is folded and uplifted. Because they are encircled by towering peaks, they often experience “rain shadow” effects, leading to arid or semi-arid climates. The Tibetan Plateau and the Bolivian Altiplano are classic examples. These are considered the most complex plateau types because their height is maintained by the same compressive forces that support the surrounding mountains. They are vital for global geography as they influence regional wind patterns and host the headwaters of major rivers.