Hydrolysis of a diazonium salt occurs when the temperature of the solution rises to 283 K, leading to the formation of phenol.
Under what conditions does hydrolysis of a diazonium salt occur, and what is the resulting product?
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Hydrolysis of a diazonium salt occurs under acidic conditions. When a diazonium salt, such as benzenediazonium chloride, is treated with water in the presence of acid (HCl), it undergoes hydrolysis to form phenol. In this reaction, the diazo group (-N₂⁺) is replaced by a hydroxyl group (-OH⁻) on the benzene ring. The resulting product is phenol, which is a hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound. This reaction is a part of the Sandmeyer reaction, and it provides a method for the synthesis of phenols from diazonium salts under mild acidic conditions.